Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of newly diagnosed diabetes and non-diabetes subjects from the total cohort
| Characteristics | Non-diabetes | Diabetes | P Value * |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number of subjects | 1450 | 46 | |
| Age, years | 55.6 ± 14.1 | 56.8 ± 10.9 | 0.599 |
| Male sex (%) | 37.4 | 54.3 | 0.02 |
| History of hypertension, % | 30.1 | 39.1 | 0.19 |
| Current smoker, % | 20.3 | 30.4 | 0.09 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 22.4 ± 2.8 | 25.3 ± 3.0 | < 0.001 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 72.0 ± 7.9 | 79.8 ± 10.2 | < 0.001 |
| Waist/Hip | 0.81 ± 0.06 | 0.86 ± 0.08 | < 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 132 ± 21 | 141 ± 20 | 0.003 |
| DBP, mmHg | 77 ± 12 | 81 ± 13 | 0.01 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.1 ± 0.4 | 5.6 ± 0.4 | < 0.001 |
| Glucose, mmol/L | 5.51 ± 0.68 | 6.03 ± 1.07 | < 0.001 |
| IRI, U/mL | 2.9 (1.6–5.4) | 4.5 (2.9–8.7) | 0.002 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.15 ± 0.91 | 5.47 ± 1.23 | 0.02 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.54 ± 0.38 | 1.31 ± 0.32 | < 0.001 |
| Non-HDL-C, mmol/L | 3.61 ± 0.97 | 4.16 ± 1.28 | < 0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 0.98 (0.71–1.40) | 1.61 (1.04–2.13) | < 0.001 |
| Phospholipids, mg/dL | 219 ± 32 | 232 ± 45 | 0.01 |
| Free fatty acids, Eq/L | 563 (265–852) | 498 (246–942) | 0.95 |
| LCAT activity, nmol mL−1 h− 1 | 76.4 ± 21.2 | 92.0 ± 21.2 | < 0.001 |
Values are expressed as means ± standard deviations except IRI, TG, and free fatty acids which are given as the medians and the interquartile ranges in parentheses
* P < 0.05 is considered to indicate statistically significant differences between men and women. The Mann-Whitney nonparametric test was used for the differences of IRI, TG and free fatty acids. The other continuous variables were estimated by Student’s t-test
BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin A1c, IRI immunoreactive insulin, TC total cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, TG triglyceride, LCAT lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase