Table 4.
Comparisons of Culprit Plaque Characteristics Based on the Clinical Presentation
| STEMI (n=93) | NSTE‐ACS (n=229) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DM (n=23) | No DM (n=70) | P Value | DM (n=72) | No DM (n=157) | P Value | |
| Maximal lipid arc, degrees | 268.2±75.5 | 277.4±82.2 | 0.719 | 249.1±87.3 | 232.3±92.9 | 0.331 |
| Mean lipid arc, degrees | 195.8±58.0 | 204.1±57.7 | 0.650 | 188.3±64.2 | 175.3±58.6 | 0.262 |
| Lipid length, mm | 10.1±6.0 | 10.3±8.0 | 0.941 | 7.4±4.2 | 7.1±5.3 | 0.747 |
| Lipid index | 1928.6±1082.1 | 1975.0±1299.0 | 0.907 | 1513.3±1145.6 | 1393.0±1323.6 | 0.615 |
| Thinnest FCT, μm | 70.0±19.1 | 75.7±39.9 | 0.615 | 103.8±67.4 | 108.5±70.6 | 0.722 |
| Minimal lumen area, mm2 | 1.17±0.59 | 1.80±1.35 | 0.003a | 1.93±1.61 | 1.87±1.50 | 0.771 |
| Reference lumen area, mm2 | 5.84±2.21 | 7.31±3.03 | 0.035a | 7.43±3.31 | 7.33±3.12 | 0.828 |
| Area stenosis, % | 78.4±10.8 | 73.4±19.2 | 0.121 | 73.9±16.5 | 74.1±15.8 | 0.917 |
| Lipid‐rich plaque | 13 (58.5) | 34 (48.6) | 0.508 | 43 (59.7) | 68 (43.3) | 0.021a |
| TCFA | 8 (34.8) | 24 (34.3) | 0.965 | 19 (26.4) | 31 (19.7) | 0.259 |
| Plaque rupture | 9 (39.1) | 31 (44.3) | 0.665 | 23 (31.9) | 38 (24.2) | 0.219 |
| Macrophage accumulation | 20 (87.0) | 33 (47.1) | 0.001a | 37 (51.4) | 69 (43.9) | 0.294 |
| Microvessels | 7 (30.4) | 29 (41.4) | 0.348 | 26 (36.1) | 49 (31.2) | 0.463 |
| Cholesterol crystals | 8 (34.8) | 19 (27.1) | 0.484 | 24 (33.3) | 45 (28.7) | 0.474 |
| Calcification | 13 (56.5) | 19 (27.1) | 0.010a | 42 (58.3) | 78 (49.7) | 0.224 |
| Spotty calcium | 6 (26.1) | 6 (8.6) | 0.030a | 14 (19.4) | 29 (18.5) | 0.861 |
| Thrombus | 16 (69.6) | 46 (65.7) | 0.734 | 36 (50.0) | 70 (44.6) | 0.446 |
Chi‐squared test and Fisher exact test for categorical variables, and Student t test for continuous variables were applied. Data are presented as number (%) or mean±SD. DM indicates diabetes mellitus; FCT, fibrous cap thickness; NSTE‐ACS, non‐ST‐segment–elevation acute coronary syndrome; STEMI, ST‐segment–elevation myocardial infarction; TCFA, thin‐cap fibroatheroma.
a
P<0.05.