Table 3.
In‐Hospital Outcomes and 1‐Year Mortality
| No Pacing Episodes (n=54) | 1 to 2 Pacing Episodes (n=247) | 3+ Pacing Episodes (n=111) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AKI | 0.001 | |||
| Stage 1 | 5 (9.3) | 35 (14) | 18 (17) | |
| Stage 2 | 4 (7.4) | 7 (2.9) | 4 (3.7) | |
| Stage 3 | 1 (1.9) | 1 (0.4) | 9 (8.3) | |
| Vascular complications | 0.89 | |||
| Minor | 16 (30) | 58 (24) | 28 (26) | |
| Major | 1 (1.9) | 5 (2) | 3 (2.7) | |
| Bleeding | 0.6 | |||
| Minor | 9 (17) | 26 (11) | 13 (12) | |
| Major | 2 (3.7) | 11 (4.5) | 5 (4.5) | |
| Life threatening/disabling | 2 (3.7) | 4 (1.6) | 5 (4.5) | |
| Prolonged hypotension | 0 | 39 (16) | 28 (25) | <0.001 |
| New atrial fibrillation | 3 (5.6) | 18 (7.3) | 16 (15) | 0.047 |
| New onset left bundle branch block | 15 (28) | 81 (33) | 27 (25) | 0.3 |
| High‐degree atrioventricular block | 5 (9.3) | 41 (17) | 18 (17) | 0.38 |
| Permanent pacemaker implantation | 6 (12) | 46 (19) | 20 (19) | 0.46 |
| Postprocedure troponin >x15 ULN | 18 (33) | 128 (52) | 70 (63) | 0.002 |
| Postprocedural CPK >x5 ULN | 4 (7.4) | 18 (7.3) | 21 (19) | 0.003 |
| Stroke | 3 (5.6) | 6 (2.4) | 8 (7.3) | 0.09 |
| Peri‐procedural mortality | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.9) | 0.26 |
| In‐hospital mortality | 1 (2) | 4 (1.7) | 7 (6.5) | 0.045 |
| 1‐y death | 6 (11) | 19 (7.7) | 20 (18) | 0.015 |
All numbers expressed as n (%). AKI indicates acute kidney injury; CPK, creatine phosphokinase.