Carboxyl‐terminal modulator protein (CTMP) is downregulated in human failing hearts and murine hypertrophic hearts. A and B, Western blot analysis and quantitative results of CTMP and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in left ventricular tissues from normal and dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) human hearts (n=4 per group, **P<0.01 vs normal hearts; A) and normal and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) human hearts (n=4 per group, **P<0.01 vs normal hearts; B). C, Western blot analysis and quantitative results of CTMP and ANP in the left ventricular tissues of mice subjected to sham operation, 4 weeks (4W) after aortic banding (AB) and 8 weeks (8W) after AB (n=6 per group, **P<0.01 vs sham, ##
P<0.01 vs AB 4W). D, Western blot analysis and quantitative results of CTMP and ANP in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes treated with PBS or angiotensin II (AngII) for 24 hours (24h) and 48 hours (48h; n=3 independent experiments, **P<0.01 vs PBS, ##
P<0.01 vs AngII 24h). The data are presented as the mean±SD by 2‐tailed Student t test (A [CTMP]), Welch test (A [ANP] and B), Bonferroni post hoc analysis (C [CTMP]), or Tamhane's T2 analysis (C [ANP] and D).