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. 2018 Jul;13(7):1125–1135. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.235012

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Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research

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Stem cell migration.

†HIF-1 induces expression of EPO. EPO causes MSC migration through an EPO receptor on MSCs and through increasing levels of VEGF and BDNF. ‡IL-1β released at the injured site in HIE causes secretion of MCP-1 and MIP-1α. ◊TNFα causes MCP-1 dependent migration of neural progenitor cells. *SDF-1, SCF, BDNF, MCP-1, and MIP-1α all induce migration of MSCs. BDNF: Brain-derived neurotrophic factor; EPO: erythropoietin; HIF-1: hypoxia inducible factor 1; IL-1β: interleukin 1β; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; MIP-1α: macrophage inflammatory protein-1α; MSC: mesenchymal stem cell; SCF: stem cell factor; SDF-1: stromal cell-derived factor 1; TNFα: tumor necrosis factor α; VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor.