Table 4.

Association between treatment with phosphate-binders and all-cause mortality.

PS-adjusted model	All-cause mortality
	HR (95% CI)	P-value
Unadjusted model (n = 2926)	0.38 (0.32–0.46)	<0.001
Multivariable-adjusted model (n = 2926)	0.75 (0.60–0.93)	0.009
PS-adjusted model
PS-matched model (1:1, n = 928)	0.74 (0.57–0.96)	0.022
PS-stratification (n = 2926)	0.74 (0.58–0.96)	0.021
PS-adjusted regression model (n = 2926)	0.74 (0.59–0.92)	0.006
IPTW model (n = 2926)	0.69 (0.53–0.91)	0.007

The HR was estimated using Cox proportional hazard model. In the multivariable model, age, sex, presence of diabetes mellitus and comorbidity, dialysis history, dialysis time per session, Kt/V for urea, normalized protein catabolic rate, body mass index, cardiothoracic ratio, systolic blood pressure, blood hemoglobin level, serum levels of urea nitrogen, creatinine, albumin, total cholesterol, C-reactive protein, corrected calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone, and use of erythrocyte stimulating agents, anti-hypertensives, and vitamin D receptor activators were included. PS was created by logistic regression analysis using all the parameters listed here. A two-tailed P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; IPTW, inverse probability of treatment weighting; PS, propensity score.