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. 2018 Jun 29;53(3):987–1000. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4460

Figure 1.

Figure 1

EMCL inhibits cell viability, changes morphology, and induces cell cycle arrest. (A) 786-0, Caki-1, and A498 cells were treated with EMCL at the indicated doses. Following treatment for 24 and 48 h, cell viability was determined using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Cells treated with vehicle control (DMSO) were used as the reference group (viability set at 100%). (B) Changes in cell morphology and spreading of 786-0 and Caki-1 cells treated with EMCL at the indicated doses for 24 h were observed. Images were captured using a microscope fitted with a digital camera (magnification, ×100). (C) Cell cycle analyses of 786-0 and Caki-1 cells were performed following 24 h of treatment with EMCL, using a BD Accuri C6 flow cytometer. (D) Cell fractions were calculated. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation of three independent experiments. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01, vs. DMSO-treated group. EMCL, epoxymicheliolide; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide.