Table 4.
Relative efficacy (reduction in ARR), safety (major side effects) and ease of use (administration, day-to-day side effects) of existing and emerging therapies currently applying for a USA/EU license; not from comparative studies
| Therapy | Efficacy | Safety | Ease of use |
|---|---|---|---|
| IFNβ three times dailya | 30% | No long-term concerns | Injectable and systemic symptoms |
| GAa | 30% | No long-term concerns | Daily injectable |
| Natalizumaba | 68% | PML risk | Monthly infusion |
| Cladribineb | 55% | Further safety data required by regulators | Intermittent oral dosing |
| Fingolimoda | 55% | Cardiac, macula edema | Daily oral dosing |
| BG-12 | 55% | GI upset, no concerns from prior use in psoriasis | Twice daily oral dosing |
| Teriflunomide | 30% | Minimal, no long-term data | Daily oral dosing |
Notes:
a
Licensed USA and EU;
b
refused license in either USA or EU.
Abbreviations: ARR, annualized relapse rate; EU, European Union; IFN, interferon; GI, gastrointestinal; PML, progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy; USA, United States of America.