Table 1.
Characteristics of study design and reporting
| Presenta | Absentb | Unclearc | |
| Validity eligibility criteria | |||
| Independent assessment of radiographs | 9 | 1 | 0 |
| Relevant clinical population (not case-control design) | 7 | 3 | 0 |
| Other validity characteristics | |||
| Description of study population (3 of age, M:F ratio, clinical features and eligibility criteria) | 6 | 4 | 0 |
| Description of criteria for radiological signs | 4 | 6 | 0 |
| Presentation of indeterminate results | 7 | 2 | 1 |
| Applicability | |||
| Meaningful measures of agreement (kappa or equivalent) | 8 | 2 | 0 |
| Confidence intervals for measures of agreement | 1 | 9 | 0 |
| Assessment of intra-observer variability | 3 | 7 | 0 |
a Study characteristic present, according to research report b Study characteristic absent, according to research report c Insufficient information to determine whether the characteristic was present.