Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of women with various forms of hypertension during singleton pregnancies
| Characteristic | No anti-hypertensive drug (n = 980) | β-blocker drug (n = 428) | Non-β-blocker drug (n = 188) | β-blocker and non-β-blocker drug (n = 352) | Statistical comparison across groups |
| Maternal age (yr) | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 29.5 (4.9) | 29.8 (4.9) | 29.2 (5.8) | 28.8 (5.6) | p = 0.04 |
| No. (%) | |||||
| < 20 | 22 (2.3) | 10 (2.3) | 8 (4.3) | 20 (5.7) | |
| 20–35 | 845 (86.2) | 366 (85.5) | 146 (77.6) | 288 (81.8) | |
| > 35 | 113 (11.5) | 52 (12.2) | 34 (18.1) | 44 (12.5) | |
| No. (%) primigravidae | 448 (45.7) | 175 (40.9) | 83 (44.2) | 125 (35.5) | p = 0.008 |
| No. (%) with prior preterm delivery before 34 weeks* | 50 (12.8) | 33 (20.9) | 16 (21.1) | 29 (27.4) | p = 0.002 |
| No. (%) with pre-pregnancy diabetes mellitus | 42 (4.3) | 14 (3.3) | 16 (8.5) | 6 (1.7) | p = 0.001 |
| No. (%) with renal dysfunction | 34 (3.5) | 25 (6.0) | 22 (11.8) | 22 (6.4) | p < 0.0001 |
| No (%) smokers | 96 (9.8) | 38 (9.1) | 17 (9.1) | 37 (10.8) | p = 0.9 |
| Mean (SD) pre-pregnancy weight, kg | 71.7 (16.4) | 71.3 (16.6) | 71.2 (18.5) | 69.4 (15.9) | p = 0.2 |
| No. (%) according to hypertension type | |||||
| Gestational hypertension | 627 (64.0) | 165 (38.6) | 33 (17.6) | 39 (11.1) | p < 0.001 |
| Chronic hypertension | 229 (23.4) | 122 (28.5) | 58 (30.9) | 50 (14.2) | p < 0.001 |
| Chronic hypertension plus superimposed preeclampsia | 18 (1.8) | 22 (5.1) | 25 (13.3) | 59 (16.8) | p < 0.001 |
| Isolated preeclampsia | 106 (10.8) | 119 (27.8) | 72 (38.3) | 204 (58.0) | p < 0.001 |
*Excludes all primigravidae