Table 3.

Ratio (95% confidence interval) of metal concentrations in e-cigarette aerosol and tank samples compared with dispenser sample.

Metal	Aerosol vs. Dispenser ($n=56$)		Tank vs. Dispenser ($n=49$)
	Ratio (95% CI)	p-Value	Ratio (95% CI)	p-Value
Al	1.73 (1.27, 2.36)	$<0.001$	3.79 (2.62, 5.50)	$<0.001$
Cd	1.60 (1.26, 2.04)	$<0.001$	2.30 (1.68, 3.15)	$<0.001$
Cr	6.78 (3.46, 13.3)	$<0.001$	70.7 (41.4, 121)	$<0.001$
Cu	3.30 (1.54, 7.07)	0.003	51.4 (24.8, 106)	$<0.001$
Fe	1.29 (0.69, 2.40)	0.41	17.6 (9.71, 31.9)	$<0.001$
Mn	1.93 (1.20, 3.09)	0.007	19.6 (12.1, 32.0)	$<0.001$
Ni	8.43 (3.17, 22.4)	$<0.001$	64.6 (27.2, 153)	$<0.001$
Pb	25.4 (14.0, 45.9)	$<0.001$	116 (64.0, 211)	$<0.001$
Sb	3.58 (2.26, 5.69)	$<0.001$	4.65 (2.81, 7.71)	$<0.001$
Sn	6.59 (4.16, 10.4)	$<0.001$	24.2 (14.3, 40.7)	$<0.001$
Zn	29.5 (17.4, 50.2)	$<0.001$	36.7 (21.4, 62.7)	$<0.001$

Note: The ratio of the geometric mean of metal concentrations in e-cigarette aerosol and tank samples compared with the dispenser was obtained by exponentiating the corresponding mean difference (95% confidence interval) in log-transformed metal concentrations. The p-values were obtained with a paired t-test. All tests were two-sided. Al, aluminum; Cd, cadmium; CI, confidence interval; Cr, chromium; Cu, copper; Fe, iron; Mn, manganese; Ni, nickel; Pb, lead; Sb, antimony; Sn, tin; Zn zinc.