Table 5.

Median (interquartile range) metal concentrations ($\mathrm{\mu }\mathrm{g}/\mathrm{kg}$) in samples from the dispenser, aerosol, and tank, by voltage tertile.

Sample	Voltage tertile (V)	$n$a	Al	Cr	Cu	Fe	Mn	Ni	Pb	Sn	Zn
Dispenser ($n=54$)	$<4.02$	18	8.80 (4.32–16.6)	1.13 ($<0.5–2.50$)	2.04 ($<1.0–17.6$)	46.1 (14.4–64.5)	$<1.0$ ($<1.0–1.48$)	$<1.0$ ($<1.0–18.1$)	0.507 (0.238–1.16)	0.718 (0.460–3.09)	13.2 (8.49–24.1)
	4.02–4.42	18	11.8 (7.37–25.2)	$<0.5$ ($<0.5–0.87$)	7.20 (4.48–34.0)	30.1 (9.90–115)	2.41 ($<1.0–4.30$)	9.86 ($<1.0–65.8$)	0.513 (0.345–1.11)	2.29 (0.852–5.13)	11.4 (5.62–26.1)
	$>4.42$	18	13.3 (9.12–16.3)	0.509 ($<0.5–2.02$)	2.87 ($<1.0–11.7$)	22.8 (11.6–73.2)	1.21 ($<1.0–2.93$)	1.83 ($<1.0–53.7$)	0.462 (0.134–0.754)	1.16 (0.394–2.99)	12.8 (6.82–14.9)
	p-Value		0.50	0.21	0.19	0.71	0.19	0.18	0.60	0.36	0.79
Aerosol ($n=54$)	$<4.02$	18	15.5 (12.4–17.1)	$<0.5$ ($<0.5–40.4$)	15.1 (9.29–51.0)	$<5.0$ ($<5.0–164$)	0.869 ($<1.0–7.99$)	12.5 (6.24–270)	14.0 (2.49–38.5)	4.86 (2.15–20.9)	549 (234–1,090)
	4.02–4.42	18	18.5 (13.3–26.5)	19.7 (4.18–36.9)	13.8 (1.41–28.1)	59.3 ($<5.0–467.4$)	2.71 ($<1.0–5.527$)	101 (8.88–284)	13.0 (3.41–28.3)	7.22 (2.20–19.7)	483 (384–681)
	$>4.42$	18	16.4 (11.4–28.2)	24.2 (0.972–58.0)	38.1 (4.87–75.3)	58.5 (14.5–213)	5.92 ($<1.0–17.3$)	109 (12.5–299)	26.6 (4.97–72.2)	5.49 (3.85–16.3)	443 (206–791)
	p-Value		0.61	0.18	0.30	0.23	0.37	0.94	0.41	0.96	0.75
Tank ($n=47$)	$<4.00$	14	25.7 (17.5–38.5)	23.4 (8.43–149)	168 (57.7–3,375)	230 (53.8–1,030)	20.1 (5.86–41.3)	297 (56.5–664)	49.2 (20.5–251)	14.5 (12.1–49.8)	679 (264–1,560)
	4.00–4.40	16	62.7 (32.9–136)	165 (51.9–377)	128 (55.7–412)	1,080 (333–2,970)	61.0 (32.3–262)	448 (116–4,250)	42.8 (31.6–192)	24.3 (18.7–122)	413 (166–1,190)
	$>4.40$	17	19.2 (13.6–32.9)	21.7 (9.73–152)	67.9 (30.9–479)	218 (70.4–1,400)	23.2 (7.73–41.1)	105 (49.6–302)	17.7 (11.7–77.8)	10.2 (7.45–27.6)	201 (102–537)
	p-Value		0.04	0.07	0.46	0.04	0.03	0.05	0.20	0.08	0.37

Note: The p-values were obtained from Kruskal-Wallis tests. All tests were two-sided. Al, aluminum; Cr, chromium; Cu, copper; Fe, iron; Mn, manganese; Ni, nickel; Pb, lead; Sn, tin; Zn zinc.

^aTwo participants did not report the voltage of their devices and were not included in this analysis.