TABLE 1.
Characteristics | All n = 214 | Robust n = 53 (25%) | Pre-frail n = 117 (55%) | Frail n = 44 (21%) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, y | 62 (56–66) | 63 (59–66) | 62 (57–66) | 60 (55–64) | .08 |
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Female | 36% | 19% | 39% | 50% | <.01 |
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Race/ethnicity | |||||
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Non-Hispanic white | 59% | 70% | 56% | 57% | .15 |
Black | 4% | 6% | 4% | 0% | |
Hispanic white | 24% | 11% | 27% | 34% | |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 8% | 11% | 8% | 5% | |
Other | 5% | 2% | 6% | 5% | |
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Cause of liver disease | |||||
| |||||
Chronic hepatitis C | 54% | 53% | 56% | 50% | .69 |
Alcohol | 13% | 9% | 14% | 14% | |
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis | 9% | 8% | 9% | 14% | |
Autoimmune/cholestatic | 13% | 13% | 14% | 9% | |
Other | 11% | 17% | 8% | 14% | |
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Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27 (24–32) | 26 (24–32) | 27 (24–32) | 29 (26–33) | .18 |
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HCC | 45% | 70% | 42% | 23% | <.01 |
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Hypertension | 43% | 57% | 40% | 32% | .04 |
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Diabetes | 25% | 28% | 26% | 20% | .67 |
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Laboratory MELDNa at frailty measurement | 15 (11–18) | 12 (9–15) | 14 (11–18) | 18 (16–22) | <.001 |
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Without HCC | 17 (15–21) | 16 (15–19) | 17 (14–22) | 18 (17–24) | .07 |
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With HCC | 11 (8–14) | 10 (8–13) | 11 (8–14) | 15 (11–18) | .01 |
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Laboratory MELDNa at transplant | 22 (17–29) | 18 (13–22) | 19 (15–24) | 25 (18–33) | <.01 |
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Without HCC | 25 (21–32) | 21 (18–30) | 24 (20–32) | 28 (22–39) | .08 |
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With HCC | 18 (14–22) | 20 (13–25) | 17 (14–20) | 21 (18–28) | .15 |
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Simultaneous liver/kidney transplant | 7% | 4% | 5% | 16% | .03 |
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Living donor liver transplant | 19% | 15% | 22% | 16% | .46 |
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Time from pretransplant frailty measurement to transplant, mo | 2.4 (1.2–4.4) | 2.4 (1.1–4.8) | 2.5 (1.4–5.0) | 1.9 (1.5–3.8) | .23 |
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Posttransplant follow-up time, mo | 23.2 (15.4–30.0) | 27.3 (19.5–31.6) | 22.6 (15.6–29.2) | 21.9 (12.6–28.4) | .11 |
HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MELDNa, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium score.