TABLE 1.

Characteristics of the 214 liver transplant recipients included in this cohort

Characteristics	All n = 214	Robust n = 53 (25%)	Pre-frail n = 117 (55%)	Frail n = 44 (21%)	P-value
Age, y	62 (56–66)	63 (59–66)	62 (57–66)	60 (55–64)	.08
Female	36%	19%	39%	50%	<.01
Race/ethnicity
Non-Hispanic white	59%	70%	56%	57%	.15
Black	4%	6%	4%	0%
Hispanic white	24%	11%	27%	34%
Asian/Pacific Islander	8%	11%	8%	5%
Other	5%	2%	6%	5%
Cause of liver disease
Chronic hepatitis C	54%	53%	56%	50%	.69
Alcohol	13%	9%	14%	14%
Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis	9%	8%	9%	14%
Autoimmune/cholestatic	13%	13%	14%	9%
Other	11%	17%	8%	14%
Body mass index, kg/m2	27 (24–32)	26 (24–32)	27 (24–32)	29 (26–33)	.18
HCC	45%	70%	42%	23%	<.01
Hypertension	43%	57%	40%	32%	.04
Diabetes	25%	28%	26%	20%	.67
Laboratory MELDNa at frailty measurement	15 (11–18)	12 (9–15)	14 (11–18)	18 (16–22)	<.001
Without HCC	17 (15–21)	16 (15–19)	17 (14–22)	18 (17–24)	.07
With HCC	11 (8–14)	10 (8–13)	11 (8–14)	15 (11–18)	.01
Laboratory MELDNa at transplant	22 (17–29)	18 (13–22)	19 (15–24)	25 (18–33)	<.01
Without HCC	25 (21–32)	21 (18–30)	24 (20–32)	28 (22–39)	.08
With HCC	18 (14–22)	20 (13–25)	17 (14–20)	21 (18–28)	.15
Simultaneous liver/kidney transplant	7%	4%	5%	16%	.03
Living donor liver transplant	19%	15%	22%	16%	.46
Time from pretransplant frailty measurement to transplant, mo	2.4 (1.2–4.4)	2.4 (1.1–4.8)	2.5 (1.4–5.0)	1.9 (1.5–3.8)	.23
Posttransplant follow-up time, mo	23.2 (15.4–30.0)	27.3 (19.5–31.6)	22.6 (15.6–29.2)	21.9 (12.6–28.4)	.11

HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MELDNa, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease-Sodium score.