Table 2.
Association of treatment cost, healthcare utilization, and measures of health status among patients with severe hemophilia A, Mumbai, India (n=160)
| Sociodemographic and clinical profile characteristics | Functional health status | P# | Self-care health status | P# | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n=85) | High (n=75) | Test-statistic | Low (n=93) | High (n=67) | Test-statistic | |||
| Patient characteristics | ||||||||
| Median age (years) (IQR) | 20 (18) | 17 (21) | 0.693 | 0.405 | 18 (20) | 22 (22) | 1.795 | 0.18 |
| Median annual utilization | ||||||||
| Total units of CFCs used (IU)/person (IQR) | 2000 (3540) | 1000 (2750) | 7.253 | 0.007 | 1134 (2495) | 2300 (3550) | 7.421 | 0.006 |
| Total physician contacts (IQR) | 8 (8) | 4 (6) | 9.64 | 0.002 | 6 (5) | 7 (8) | 1.538 | 0.215 |
| Incidence of in-patient episodes (IQR) (n=59) | 1 (0) (n=37) | 1 (0) (n=22) | 0.778 | 0.378 | 1 (0) (n=27) | 1 (0.75) (n=32) | 2.091 | 0.148 |
| Median annual cost (INR) | ||||||||
| Total direct cost | 19,560 (26,421) | 11,200 (14,415) | 18.296 | <0.0001 | 12,889 (18,188.50) | 19,129 (27,981) | 9.27 | 0.002 |
| Total cost of CFCs | 12,750 (24,507) | 5950 (12,750) | 12.218 | <0.0001 | 7650 (16,128) | 12,450 (27,144) | 4.918 | 0.027 |
| Hospitalization cost (n=59) | 22,858 (35,990) (n=37) | 14,983 (27,745) (n=22) | 0.954 | 0.329 | 16,035 (32,255) | 20,821.5 (38,455) | 0.02 | 0.887 |
| Emergency care cost (n=101) | 18,842 (20,997) (n=48) | 7500 (13,480) (n=53) | 12.066 | 0.001 | 10,511 (14,387) (n=66) | 18,850 (22,160) (n=35) | 8.626 | 0.003 |
| Total indirect cost (n=81) | 4000 (8200) (n=49) | 3000 (3500) (n=32) | 1.199 | 0.273 | 3000 (3500) (n=42) | 4000 (11,400) (n=39) | 0.978 | 0.323 |
#P values are generated using the Mood's median test, Cost in INR (Indian rupees), On self-care scale, score on low health status indicates higher health status of PWH, IQR: Interquartile range, CFCs: Clotting factor concentrates, PWH: Persons living with hemophilia, IU: International units