Table 1.
Plant species used in this study and their extraction yield percentage by conventional and ultrasound method.
| Plant species | Family | Common name | Plant part used | Country of origin | Extraction yield (%) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water | Ethanol | |||||||
| CM∗ | UM | CM | UM | |||||
| Hibiscus sabdariffa | Mallows | Roselle | Flower | China | 38.67 ± 0.96a | 62.50 ± 0.51b | 21.00 ± 0.90a | 22.22 ± 0.45a |
| Syzygium aromaticum | Myrtaceae | Clove | Flower | Indonesia | 19.17 ± 1.90a | 32.16 ± 0.21b | 16.67 ± 1.17a | 20.00 ± 0.55b |
| Rosmarinus officinalis | Lamiaceae | Rosemary | leaves | Germany | 17.67 ± 0.84a | 25.00 ± 0.48b | 14.68 ± 1.50a | 12.14 ± 0.36a |
| Thymus vulgaris | Lamiaceae | Thyme | leaves | Germany | 17.00 ± 1.00a | 21.95 ± 0.89b | 12.00 ± 1.00a | 15.85 ± 0.34b |
Values are mean of triplicate determination (n = 3) ± standard deviations. Lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) between different extraction methods using the same solvent, where the row was split into two, the first two subtables were compared together and the last two subtables were compared together. ∗CM refers to Conventional method, while UM means Ultrasound method.