Table 1.

Colonial and postcolonial dynamics.

Period	Dynamics
Colonial	Policy and practice of power/control over weaker peoples or areas [31]
	The system or policy of a nation seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories [32]
	Contributions to colonial aspirations of power and control over the territory; the government response was to impose environmental and social control [33]
	Cultural superiority [34]
	Colonial powers into the culture [35]
	Control by one power over dependent areas or peoples [36,37]
	Invest their identity to the colony [38]
	The colonizers are convinced of their greatness and their ordained mandate to rule [39]
Postcolonial	Postcolonialism represents an ideological response to colonialist thought [40]
	Moving toward the development of a more cross-culturally oriented system [41]
	Dealing with previously colonized societies [41]