| GCE | glassy carbon electrode |
| GNs | Graphenenano sheets |
| PDDA-RGO | Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) functionalized reduced graphene oxide |
| MWNTs | multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| MPC | macroporous carbon |
| HA | hydroxyapatite |
| Nbim | nitro-substituted3,3′-bis (indolyl) methane |
| PBS | phosphate buffer solutions |
| CNT | carbon nanotube |
| HPPF6 | 1-butylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate |