Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies
| Reference | Type of study | Placebo | Oral antibiotic combination | Intravenous antibiotic | MBP | SSI criteria | Secondary outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Barber et al. 14 | RCT | Yes | Neomycin + erythromycin | Clindamycin + gentamicin | Magnesium citrate | Custom | – |
| Hanel et al. 15 | RCT | No | 1 g neomycin × 6 + 200 mg metronidazole × 16 | Clindamycin + cefazolin | Clear fluids for 4 days | Custom | – |
| Kaiser et al. 16 | RCT | Yes | 1 g neomycin + 1 g erythromycin × 3 | 2 g cefoxitin or 1 g cefazolin × 1 | Magnesium citrate | Custom | – |
| Lau et al. 17 | RCT | No | 1 g neomycin + 1 g erythromycin × 3 | 500 mg metronidazole + 2 mg/kg gentamicin × 3 | Bisacodyl + magnesium citrate | Lungqvist criteria | Organ space SSI, leak, LOS |
| Khubchandani et al. 18 | RCT | No | 1 g neomycin + 1 g erythromycin × 3 | 1 g cefazolin + 1 g metronidazole × 3 | Castor oil | Custom | Leak |
| Reynolds et al. 19 | RCT | No | Neomycin + metronidazole | n.r. | n.r. | Custom | – |
| Stellato et al. 20 | RCT | No | 1 g neomycin + 1 g erythromycin × 1 | 2 g cefoxitin × 1 | Magnesium citrate + sodium phosphate | Custom | – |
| Ishida et al. 21 | RCT | No | 500 mg kanamycin + 400 mg erythromycin × 8 | 1 g cefotiam × 6 | PEG | CDC | Organ space SSI, leak |
| Lewis22 | RCT | Yes | 2 g neomycin + 2 g metronidazole × 2 | 1 g amikacin + 1 g metronidazole × 1 | Sodium phosphate | CDC | Organ space SSI, leak |
| Espin‐Basany et al. 23 | RCT | No | 1 g neomycin + 1 g metronidazole × 3 | 1 g cefoxitin × 3 | Sodium phosphate | CDC | Organ space SSI, ileus |
| Kobayashi et al. 24 | RCT | No | 1 g kanamycin + 400 mg erythromycin × 3 | 1 g cefmetazole × 1 | PEG | CDC | – |
| Oshima et al. 25 | RCT | No | 500 mg kanamycin + 500 mg metronidazole × 3 | 1 g flomoxef | Magnesium citrate | NNIS | Organ space SSI |
| Sadahiro et al. 26 | RCT | No | 500 mg kanamycin + 500 mg metronidazole × 3 | 1 g flomoxef × 1 | Sodium bicosulphate + PEG | Custom | Organ space SSI, leak |
| Hata et al. 27 | RCT | No | 1 g kanamycin + 750 mg metronidazole × 2 | 1 g cefmetazole × 1 | Sodium picosulphate + magnesium citrate | CDC | Organ space SSI, leak, ileus |
| Konishi et al. 28 | Cohort | n.a. | Kanamycin + metronidazole | Second‐generation cephalosporin | NNIS | – | |
| Cannon et al. 29 | Cohort | n.a. | n.r. | n.r. | PEG, sodium phosphate or magnesium citrate | VASQIP | – |
| Hendren et al. 30 | Cohort | n.a. | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | ACS NSQIP | – |
| Morris et al. 31 | Cohort | n.a. | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | Custom | Organ space SSI, leak, ileus, reoperation, LOS, readmission, mortality |
| Scarborough et al. 4 | Cohort | n.a. | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | ACS NSQIP | Leak, LOS, readmission, mortality |
| Moghadamyeghaneh et al. 32 | Cohort | n.a. | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | ICD‐9 | Organ space SSI, leak, reoperation, LOS, mortality |
| Kiran et al. 33 | Cohort | n.a. | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | ACS NSQIP | Organ space SSI, leak, ileus, readmission, reoperation, mortality |
| Koller et al. 2 | Cohort | n.a. | n.r. | n.r. | n.r. | ACS NSQIP | Organ space SSI, leak, ileus, reoperation, LOS, readmission, mortality |
MBP, mechanical bowel preparation; SSI, surgical‐site infection; LOS, length of hospital stay; n.r., not recorded; PEG, polyethylene glycol; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; NNIS, National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance system; n.a., not applicable; VASQIP, Veterans Affairs Surgical Quality Improvement Program; ACS NSQIP, American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program.