Table 2.

Shortlist of common resilience factors for child development.

Caring family, sensitive caregiving (nurturing family members)

Close relationships, emotional security, belonging (family cohesion, belonging)

Skilled parenting (skilled family management)

Agency, motivation to adapt (active coping, mastery)

Problem-solving skills, planning, executive function skills (collaborative problem-solving, family flexibility)

Self-regulation skills, emotion regulation (co-regulation, balancing family needs)

Self-efficacy, positive view of the self or identity (positive views of family and family identity)

Hope, faith, optimism (hope, faith, optimism, positive family outlook)

Meaning-making, belief life has meaning (coherence, family purpose, collective meaning-making)

Routines and rituals (family routines and rituals, family role organization)

Engagement in a well-functioning school

Connections with well-functioning communities

Note: Promotive/protective factors from the child literature are listed with corresponding family factors in parentheses.