Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of children less than 5 years of age with moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) at enrollment, according to HIV status.
| Variable | HIV-status |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| HIV-uninfected (n = 165) |
HIV-infected (n = 49) |
||
| Weight-for-age Z-score | −1.19 (1.35) | −2.14 (1.80) | 0.0001 |
| Length/height-for-age Z-score | −1.21 (1.23) | −2.08 (1.44) | 0.0001 |
| Underweight | 34/165 (21%) | 24/49 (49%) | 0.0001 |
| Malnutrition (Z-scores) | 57/165 (35%) | 29/49 (59%) | 0.0020 |
| Sunken eyes | 64/165 (39%) | 28/49 (57%) | 0.0227 |
| Loss of skin turgor | 45/165 (27%) | 21/49 (43%) | 0.0381 |
| Intravenous rehydration | 68/165 (41%) | 25/49 (51%) | 0.2239 |
| Dysentery | 34/165 (21%) | 3/49 (6%) | 0.0186 |
| Hospitalized | 106/165 (64%) | 39/49 (80%) | 0.0435 |
| Vomiting | 69/165 (42%) | 27/49 (55%) | 0.1007 |
| Fever | 67/165 (41%) | 18/49 (37%) | 0.6268 |
| Lethargy or loss of consciousness | 58/165 (35%) | 29/49 (59%) | 0.0026 |
| Convulsions | 10/165 (6%) | 4/49 (8%) | 0.5303 |
| Irritable or restless | 21/165 (13%) | 5/49 (10%) | 0.6669 |
| Belly pain | 38/165 (23%) | 13/49 (27%) | 0.6136 |
| Dry mouth | 50/165 (30%) | 22/49 (45%) | 0.0576 |
| Fast breathing | 34/165 (21%) | 18/49 (37%) | 0.0208 |