Table 2.
Mean zone of inhibition (mm) of different bacteria at various concentrations of the test extracts of the experimental plants.
| Plants | Concentration | Bacteria | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S. aureus | P. aeruginosa | E. coli | K. pneumoniae | ||||||
| [mg/ml] | |||||||||
| Cli | Sta | Cli | Sta | Cli | Sta | Cli | Sta | ||
| C. quadrangularis | 195 | 10.3±1.8 acd | 10.7±0.7 ad | 10.0±0.6 ad | 10.7±0.3 acd | - - - | - - - | 7.3±0.3 ad | 8.7±0.9 ad |
| 390 | 14.7±0.9 ab | 15.0±1.2 a | 12.0±0.6 a | 14.3±0.7 abd | 7.3±0.3 a | 7.3±0.3 a | 9.3±1.2 ad | 11.7±0.9 ad | |
| 780 | 18.3±1.5 ab | 18.3±0.9 ab | 15.7±0.7 ab | 17.7±1.2 abc | 9.3±0.3 ab | 9.7±0.7 ab | 13.3±1.5 abc | 16.0±1.2 abc | |
|
| |||||||||
| C. benghalensis | 195 | 9.3±1.5 ad | 13.7±0.9 ad | - - - | 8.0±0.6 ad | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - |
| 390 | 13.0±1.2 a | 17.0±0.6 a | 7.3±0.3 a | 11.0±0.6 ad | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | |
| 780 | 15.7±1.8 ab | 20.0±1.5 ab | 10.7±0.3 ab | 14.7±0.7 abc | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | |
|
| |||||||||
| E. heterophylla | 195 | 13.3±0.3 ad | 14.0±0.0 ad | 8.0±0.6 ad | 10.3±0.9 ad | 8.3±0.7 ad | 10.7±0.3 ad | 8.7±0.3 acd | 13.0±0.0 ad |
| 390 | 14.7±0.9 a | 16.7±0.9 a | 11.7±0.9 a | 13.0±0.6 a | 11.0±0.6 ad | 13.3±1.2 a | 12.0±0.6 abd | 14.7±0.9 a | |
| 780 | 18.7±1.2 ab | 20.3±0.0 ab | 14.3±1.5 ab | 15.3±0.9 ab | 14.0±0.0 abc | 16.0±1.7 ab | 15.7±0.3 abc | 18.0±0.0 ab | |
|
| |||||||||
| E. prostrata | 195 | 14.3±0.3 ad | 15.7±0.3 ad | 9.7±0.7 ad | 11.3±0.7 ad | - - - | 7.3±0.6 ad | 8.0±0.6 ad | 11.3±0.9 ad |
| 390 | 17.7±0.3 a | 19.0±0.6 a | 13.0±0.6 a | 14.0±0.6 a | 9.0±0.0 a | 10.3±1.5 a | 10.7±0.9 ad | 14.7±0.9 a | |
| 780 | 21.0±0.6 ab | 22.3±0.9 ab | 15.0±2.3 ab | 17.0±0.9 ab | 10.3±0.3 ab | 12.7±0.6 ab | 14.0±0.6 abc | 16.3±2.0 ab | |
|
| |||||||||
| Gentamicin | 0.025 | 26.0±0.6 | 28.7±0.6 | 23.3±0.7 | 26.3±0.3 | 21.7±0.6 | 24.3±0.9 | 22.7±0.9 | 25.3±0.3 |
|
| |||||||||
| M. schimperiana | 195 | - - - | 7.3±0.3 ad | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - |
| 390 | 8.0±0.6 a | 9.0±1.2 a | - - - | 7.3±0.3 a | - - - | - - - | - - - | 7.3±0.3 a | |
| 780 | 11.0±0.6 ab | 12.3±0.3 ab | 8.7±0.9 a | 9.3±0.3 ab | - - - | - - - | 9.0±0.6 ab | 9.7±0.3 ab | |
|
| |||||||||
| Trianthema spp. | 195 | - - - | 7.3±0.3 ad | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - |
| 390 | - - - | 9.7±0.3 a | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | |
| 780 | 9.7±0.7 a | 12.3±0.9 ab | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | |
|
| |||||||||
| S. incanum | 195 | - - - | 9.7±1.8 ad | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - | - - - |
| 390 | 8.7±0.9 a | 13.0±0.9 a | - - - | 7.3±0.3 a | - - - | 7.3±0.3 a | - - - | 7.0±0.0 a | |
| 780 | 11±0.7 ab | 15.3±0.9 ab | - - - | 10.3±0.9 ab | 9.3±1.5 ab | 10.0±0.6 ab | 9.0±0.6 ab | 9.7±0.7 ab | |
|
| |||||||||
| Gentamicin | 0.025 | 26.0±0.6 | 28.7±0.6 | 23.3±0.7 | 26.3±0.3 | 21.7±0.6 | 24.3±0.9 | 22.7±0.9 | 25.3±0.3 |
The values are mean ± SEM (n=3); significant at P<0.05; a compared to gentamicin, bcompared to 195mg/ml, c compared to 390mg/ml, and dcompared to 780mg/ml; the negative control has shown no antibacterial activity; Sta.: standard (ATCC) strains; Cli.: clinically isolated strains; - - -: no activity.