Table 1. Risk stratification of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer ^{10, 11}.

Risk category	EAU definition 9	EAU recommendations	AUA definition 10	AUA recommendations
Low	•  Primary, •  Solitary (<3 cm), •  Low-grade/G1, and •  Ta	•  Single immediate post-TUR instillation of chemotherapy	•  Solitary <3 cm, •  Low-grade, and •  Ta	•  Single immediate post-TUR instillation of chemotherapy
Intermediate	•  Any disease not fitting low- or high-risk criteria	•  Single immediate post-TUR instillation of chemotherapy, and either •  Induction chemotherapy for 1 year, or •  Induction BCG with 1 year of maintenance therapy	•  Low-grade Ta recurrence <1 year •  Solitary low-grade Ta >3 cm, •  Multifocal low-grade Ta, •  High-grade Ta ≤3 cm, or •  Low-grade T1	•  Single immediate post-TUR instillation of chemotherapy, and either •  Induction chemotherapy with or without maintenance, or •  Induction BCG with maintenance
High	•  Any T1, or •  High-grade/G3, or •  CIS present, or •  Multiple, recurrent, large (>3 cm), papillary (Ta), low-grade/G1 or G2 tumors	•  Single immediate post-TUR instillation of chemotherapy, and either •  Induction BCG with 1–3 years of maintenance therapy, or •  Immediate radical cystectomy	•  High-grade T1 •  Recurrent high-grade Ta •  High-grade Ta >3 cm •  CIS •  Any high-grade failing BCG •  Variant histology •  LVI •  High-grade prostatic urethral involvement	•  Induction BCG with maintenance therapy, or •  Immediate radical cystectomy for highest risk features (with LVI, variant histology, T1 with CIS, persistent T1 on re-TUR)

AUA, American Urological Association; BCG, bacillus Calmette-Guérin; CIS, carcinoma in situ; EAU, European Association of Urology; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; TUR, transurethral resection