Fig. 4.

Effects of HDAC4 overexpression by lentiviral transfection on UC cell lines. VM-CUB1 and UM-UC-3 cell lines lentivirally transduced to overexpress HDAC4 were compared to their parental cells and cell lines transduced with empty vector (LV). a HDAC4 mRNA expression measured by qRT-PCR. Data shown are mean from n = 3. b HDAC4 protein expression over different passages in VM-CUB1 and UM-UC-3 cells transduced with HDAC4 vector. Note an additional band in overexpressing UM-UC-3 cells possibly representing a proteolytic fragment of HDAC4. Representative experiment. c MTT proliferation assays after the indicated incubation times (24/48/72 h); all cells were treated with the solvent control DMSO only. The calculated significances refer to the parental cell line, *p < 0.05. Data shown are mean from n = 4. d Clonogenicity assay. Representative examples of triplicates