Table 6.
Diagnostics performance of alternative biomarkers in reference with CD4+ T-cell count and/or WHO clinical stages, and HIV RNA load categories among ART-naïve study participants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| Sensitivity | Specificity | PPV | NPV | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | CD4 < 200 and/or stages III/IV | |||
| HIV RNA load ≥10,000 | 82.1 | 54.7 | 38.8 | 89.8 |
| Anemia | 21.5 | 92.4 | 50.0 | 76.9 |
| Cholesterol < 200 | 93.8 | 20.2 | 28.6 | 90.5 |
| Anemia and/or cholesterol < 200 | 85.1 | 24.5 | 28.3 | 82.4 |
| CD4 < 350 and/or stages III/IV | ||||
| HIV RNA load ≥10,000 | 72.6 | 65.3 | 70.1 | 68.1 |
| Anemia | 16.2 | 94.4 | 76.6 | 50.0 |
| Cholesterol < 200 | 88.6 | 22.6 | 55.8 | 64.2 |
| Anemia and/or cholesterol < 200 | 81.8 | 26.6 | 55.7 | 56.5 |
| CD4 < 500 and/or stages III/IV | ||||
| HIV RNA load ≥10,000 | 65.2 | 73.7 | 87.2 | 43.6 |
| Anemia | 13.4 | 94.8 | 87.5 | 28.6 |
| Cholesterol < 200 | 86.6 | 25.5 | 76.1 | 41.1 |
| Anemia and/or cholesterol < 200 | 80.5 | 29.1 | 75.8 | 35.1 |
| HIV RNA load ≥ 10,000 | ||||
| CD4 < 500 and/or stages III/IV | 87.2 | 43.6 | 65.2 | 73.7 |
| Anemia | 16.1 | 94.8 | 79.4 | 47.8 |
| Cholesterol < 200 | 89.9 | 24.7 | 58.9 | 67.0 |
| Anemia and/or cholesterol < 200 | 84.1 | 29.9 | 59.3 | 60.8 |
| HIV RNA load ≥ 40,000 | ||||
| CD4 < 500 and/or stages III/IV | 91.6 | 35.5 | 40.9 | 89.7 |
| Anemia | 20.2 | 93.1 | 58.7 | 70.7 |
| Cholesterol < 200 | 93.5 | 22.4 | 36.8 | 87.6 |
| Anemia and/or cholesterol < 200 | 86.9 | 26.7 | 36.6 | 80.8 |
| HIV RNA load ≥ 100,000 | ||||
| CD4 < 500 and/or stages III/IV | 92.0 | 30.6 | 21.5 | 94.9 |
| Anemia | 22.7 | 91.2 | 34.9 | 84.9 |
| Cholesterol < 200 | 93.8 | 18.9 | 19.3 | 93.6 |
| Anemia and/or cholesterol < 200 | 87.0 | 24.2 | 19.2 | 90.0 |
Note: PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value