Fig. 5.

A model presenting Al responses in XZ29. Down regulation of miR160 and miR393, accumulation of jasmonic acid cause root growth inhibition. To alleviate the inhibition, the expression of miR319 and miR396 is significantly changed, resulting in acceleration of cell proliferation. On the other hand, the specifically expressed miRNA PC-miR1 in XZ29 might affect cell wall component through influencing pectin biosynthesis, leading to less Al ions binding to cell wall. Al transporters facilitate Al from cell wall into cytosol and then Al is stored in nontoxic forms