Table 1.
Patient Characteristics (N = 199)
| Characteristic | No. (%) |
|---|---|
| Age at diagnosis, y, median (range) | 6.4 (0.5–18.4) |
| Age at diagnosis, y, No. (%) | |
| <1.5 | 9 (5) |
| 1.5–4 | 72 (36) |
| 5–9 | 65 (33) |
| ≥10 | 53 (27) |
| Sex, No. (%) | |
| Male | 118 (59) |
| Female | 81 (41) |
| Race, No. (%) | |
| Black | 28 (14) |
| White | 158 (79) |
| Other | 13 (7) |
| Acute lymphoblastic leukemia risk level at induction | |
| Low | 106 (53) |
| Standard | 81 (41) |
| High | 12 (6) |
| Stool samples, No. (%) | 406 |
| Baseline before induction | 112 (28) |
| After induction completion | 97 (24) |
| Postconsolidation at reinduction I initiation | 107 (26) |
| Postreinduction at reinduction II initiation | 90 (22) |
| Patients with infection outcomes, No. (%) | |
| Bloodstream infectionsa | 26 (13) |
| Febrile neutropenia | 122 (61) |
| Diarrheal illnessb | 73 (37) |
| No infection outcomec | 42 (21) |
aEtiologic agents of bloodstream infections included coagulase-negative staphylococci (7 episodes), Escherichia coli (3), Enterococcus species (3, all susceptible to vancomycin), Staphylococcus aureus (3), Streptococcus pneumoniae (3), Rothia mucilaginosa (2), Neisseria polysaccharea (2), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1), Enterobacter cloacae (1), Micrococcus species (1), Bacillus cereus (1), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Streptococcus salivarius (1), Capnocytophaga sputigena (1), and Burkholderia cepacia (1).
bEtiologies included Clostridium difficile (45 episodes), rotavirus (5), norovirus (5), adenovirus (4), and Cryptosporidium (2).
cNo fever, bacteremia, febrile neutropenia, or diarrheal illness.