Table 3.

Peri-op characteristics of participants with AKI and those without AKI

Risk factors	Peri-op AKI (n = 49)	No peri-op AKI (n = 170)	P-value
Pre-op risk factors, n (%)
Age >60 years	8 (16.3)	20 (11.8)	0.69
Pre-op sepsis	12 (28.6)	12 (7.1)	0.01*
Presence of at least one co-morbidity	16 (32.6)	56 (32.9)	0.76
Elevated pre-op BP	16 (32.5)	62 (36.5)	0.60
Hypertension	9 (18.4)	40 (23.5)	0.48
Diabetes mellitus	4 (8.1)	10 (5.9)	0.56
Proteinuria	11 (22.5)	20 (11.8)	0.06
Pre-op anaemia	22 (44.9)	40 (23.5)	0.01*
Pre-op leucocytosis	7 (14.2)	12 (7.1)	0.09
Pre-existing kidney dysfunction	13 (26.6)	6 (3.5)	0.02*
Intra-op risk factors ±
Prolonged duration of surgery >120 min	32 (65.3)	29 (17.1)	0.01*
Prolonged duration of anaesthesia >120 min	33 (67.3)	40 (23.5)	0.01*
Intra-op hypotension	4 (4.1)	9 (5.3)	0.23
Intra-op hypertension	2 (2.1)	6 (3.5)
EBL >500 mL	15 (30.6)	31 (18.2)	0.09
Intra-op blood transfusion	28 (57.1)	34 (20.0)	0.02*
Need for >3 L intra-op	12 (24.5)	23 (13.5)	0.07
Need for inotropic support	1 (2.0)	2 (1.2)	0.65
Post-op risk factors ±
Drain >500 mL/day	10 (20.4)	28 (16.5)	0.52
Had 2 or more post-op antibiotics	11 (22.5)	46 (27.1)	0.53
Post-op analgesic	47 (95.9)	166 (97.6)	0.67
Post-op sepsis	11 (22.5)	46 (27.1)	0.53
Post-op blood transfusion	47 (95.9)	166 (97.6)	0.67

BP, blood pressure; EBL, estimated blood loss.

*P-value less than 0.05.