Table 3.

Select differentially expressed gene sets and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis pathways downregulated in the fetal heart of animals with the fetal inflammatory response syndrome

Gene Set Analysis
Gene Set	Number of Genes		p value
Cellular Morphogenesis During Differentiation	37		0.008
Axonogenesis	31		0.008
Neurite Development	40		0.008
Neuron Differentiation	57		0.008
Neuron Development	46		0.008
Nervous System Development	292		0.01
Regulation of DNA Replication	16		0.03
Hallmark TGF Beta Signaling	41		0.04
Negative Regulation of Cellular Component Organization and Biogenesis	23		0.04
Ingenuity Pathway Functional Analysis of a Network*
Diseases and Biological Functions	Number of Molecules		p value
Cellular Movement, Migration of Cells	150		7 × 10−21
Development of Vasculature	94		2 × 10−15
Morphology of Blood Vessel	40		1 × 10−13
Proliferation of Smooth Muscle Cells	36		3× 10−12
Growth of Muscle Tissue	42		1× 10−11
Morphology of Cardiovascular System	69		4 × 10−11
Vasculogenesis	66		1 × 10−10
Abnormal Morphology of Cardiovascular System	50		5 × 10−10
Migration of Endothelial Cells	33		4 × 10−8
Ingenuity Pathway Transcription Factor Analysis**
Top Transcription Factors	Predicted Activation State	Activation Z-Score	p-value of overlap
TNF	Activated	4.2	2 × 10−14
IL1B	Activated	3.7	1 × 10−11
TGFB1	Inhibited	−2.0	2 × 10−10

Gene Set and Ingenuity Pathway Analyses were based on the IL-6 model and select results are reported in the table.

^*The Ingenuity Pathway Functional Analysis of a Network identified biological functions and/or diseases most significant to the molecules in the network using a right-tailed Fisher’s exact test.

^**Transcription factor analysis is based on prior knowledge of expected effects between transcription factors and their target genes stored in the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis library. The overlap p-value measures whether there is a statistically significant overlap between the dataset genes and the genes regulated by a transcription factor using Fisher’s Exact Test.