Table 1.
Methods for generating geometrically defined, endothelial-lined channels embedded in bulk hydrogels.
| Method | Min. Vessel Diameter |
Geometry | Refs |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pin casting | 55 µm | Linear channels | [43][44] |
| Photolithographic templating | 120 µm | Planar network | [45] |
| Printing sacrificial filaments | |||
| Carbohydrate glass template | 180 µm | 3D network | [10] |
| Pluronic-F127 template | 100 μm | 3D network | [11] |
| Agarose template | 150 µm | 3D network | [46] |
| Gelatin template | 500 µm | Linear channels | [47] |
| Multi-photon microfabrication | 20 µm | Freeform 3D network | This paper |