Table 3.
Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios for any autoimmune conditions, B-cell/T-cell-activating autoimmune conditions, and rheumatoid arthritis by lymphoma subtype
| Prevalence of autoimmune condition | Event-free survival | Overall survival | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Events | Events | |||||||||||||
| Adjustment factors | N | % | N | % | HR | 95% CI | p | N | % | HR | 95% CI | p | ||
| DLBCL (N = 736) | No autoimmune condition | Sex, IPI, treatment* | 646 | 286 | 44.3 | 1.00 | Reference | 215 | 33.3 | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Any autoimmune condition | 90 | 12.2 | 44 | 48.9 | 1.14 | 0.83–1.57 | 0.42 | 33 | 36.7 | 1.14 | 0.79–1.64 | 0.49 | ||
| B-cell responses | 66 | 9.0 | 35 | 53.0 | 1.26 | 0.88–1.79 | 0.20 | 29 | 43.9 | 1.41 | 0.95–2.08 | 0.09 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 53 | 7.2 | 28 | 52.8 | 1.15 | 0.78–1.69 | 0.49 | 24 | 45.3 | 1.33 | 0.87–2.03 | 0.18 | ||
| T-cell reponses | 30 | 4.1 | 12 | 40.0 | 0.89 | 0.50–1.59 | 0.70 | 7 | 23.3 | 0.73 | 0.34–1.55 | 0.41 | ||
| FL (N = 703) | No autoimmune disease | Sex, FLIPI, FLIII, treatment^ | 639 | 332 | 52.0 | 1.00 | Reference | 110 | 17.2 | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Any autoimmune condition | 64 | 9.1 | 29 | 45.3 | 0.88 | 0.59–1.29 | 0.50 | 12 | 18.8 | 1.37 | 0.74–2.50 | 0.32 | ||
| B-cell activating | 43 | 6.1 | 19 | 44.2 | 0.87 | 0.54–1.39 | 0.55 | 7 | 16.3 | 1.13 | 0.52–2.46 | 0.76 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 34 | 4.8 | 15 | 44.1 | 0.88 | 0.52–1.48 | 0.62 | 6 | 17.6 | 1.22 | 0.53–2.80 | 0.64 | ||
| T-cell activating | 28 | 4.0 | 12 | 42.9 | 0.74 | 0.42–1.33 | 0.32 | 5 | 17.9 | 1.30 | 0.52–3.22 | 0.58 | ||
| MZL (N = 302) | No autoimmune condition | Sex, IPI | 247 | 88 | 35.6 | 1.00 | Reference | 35 | 14.2 | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Any autoimmune condition | 55 | 18.2 | 19 | 34.5 | 1.05 | 0.63–1.75 | 0.85 | 6 | 10.9 | 0.79 | 0.33–1.91 | 0.79 | ||
| B-cell activating | 45 | 14.9 | 15 | 33.3 | 1.01 | 0.58–1.76 | 0.98 | 4 | 8.9 | 0.60 | 0.21–1.72 | 0.34 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 23 | 7.6 | 9 | 39.1 | 0.99 | 0.49–2.00 | 0.98 | 3 | 13.0 | 0.62 | 0.19–2.08 | 0.44 | ||
| T-cell activating | 12 | 4.0 | 6 | 50.0 | 1.80 | 0.78–4.18 | 0.17 | 3 | 25.0 | 2.50 | 0.76–8.24 | 0.13 | ||
| MALT (N = 219) | No autoimmune condition | Sex, IPI | 173 | 59 | 34.1 | 1.00 | Reference | 18 | 10.4 | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Any autoimmune condition | 46 | 21 | 16 | 34.8 | 1.38 | 0.77–2.49 | 0.29 | 3 | 6.5 | 1.08 | 0.30–3.80 | 0.91 | ||
| B-cell activating | 39 | 17.8 | 13 | 33.3 | 1.33 | 0.71–2.49 | 0.37 | 2 | 5.1 | 0.86 | 0.19–3.82 | 0.84 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 18 | 8.2 | 7 | 38.9 | 1.39 | 0.64–3.04 | 0.41 | 1 | 5.6 | 0.73 | 0.10–5.52 | 0.76 | ||
| T-cell activating | 8 | 3.7 | 4 | 50.0 | 1.80 | 0.64–5.07 | 0.26 | 1 | 12.5 | 1.83 | 0.24–14.1 | 0.56 | ||
| MCL (N = 193) | No autoimmune condition | Sex, MIPI | 173 | 105 | 60.7 | 1.00 | Reference | 77 | 44.5 | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Any autoimmune condition | 20 | 10.4 | 14 | 70.0 | 1.13 | 0.64–1.98 | 0.68 | 10 | 50.0 | 0.94 | 0.49–1.83 | 0.94 | ||
| B-cell activating | 11 | 5.7 | 10 | 90.9 | 2.23 | 1.15–4.34 | 0.02 | 8 | 72.7 | 1.69 | 0.80–3.56 | 0.17 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 9 | 4.7 | 8 | 88.9 | 2.53 | 1.22–5.28 | 0.01 | 6 | 66.7 | 1.46 | 0.63–3.40 | 0.38 | ||
| T-cell activating | 9 | 4.7 | 4 | 44.4 | 0.49 | 0.18–1.34 | 0.17 | 2 | 22.2 | 0.35 | 0.09–1.41 | 0.35 | ||
| HL (N = 297) | No autoimmune condition | Sex, IPS | 275 | 53 | 19.3 | 1.00 | Reference | 33 | 12.0 | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Any autoimmune condition | 22 | 7.4 | 7 | 31.8 | 1.66 | 0.75–3.67 | 0.21 | 4 | 18.2 | 1.31 | 0.46–3.72 | 0.61 | ||
| B-cell activating | 12 | 4.0 | 5 | 41.7 | 2.63 | 1.04–6.63 | 0.04 | 3 | 25.0 | 2.84 | 0.85–9.47 | 0.09 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 9 | 3.0 | 4 | 44.4 | 2.51 | 0.90–6.99 | 0.08 | 3 | 33.3 | 3.29 | 0.99–10.9 | 0.05 | ||
| T-cell activating | 11 | 3.7 | 2 | 18.2 | 0.76 | 0.18–3.11 | 0.7 | 1 | 9.1 | 0.46 | 0.06–3.40 | 0.45 | ||
| TCL (N = 168) | No autoimmune condition | Sex, IPI | 148 | 82 | 55.4 | 1.00 | Reference | 68 | 45.9 | 1.00 | Reference | |||
| Any autoimmune condition | 20 | 11.9 | 12 | 60.0 | 1.62 | 0.88–2.99 | 0.12 | 10 | 50.0 | 1.46 | 0.74–2.86 | 0.28 | ||
| B-cell activating | 8 | 4.8 | 5 | 62.5 | 1.54 | 0.62–3.81 | 0.35 | 4 | 50.0 | 1.13 | 0.41–3.11 | 0.81 | ||
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 6 | 3.6 | 3 | 50.0 | 0.99 | 0.31–3.15 | 0.99 | 3 | 50.0 | 0.90 | 0.28–2.88 | 0.86 | ||
| T-cell activating | 12 | 7.1 | 7 | 58.3 | 1.60 | 0.73–3.50 | 0.24 | 6 | 50.0 | 1.72 | 0.74–4.02 | 0.21 | ||
Abbreviations: CI confidence interval, DLBCL diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, FL follicular lymphoma, FLIPI Follicular Lymphoma International Prognostic Index, FLIII follicular lymphoma grade 3, HL Hodgkin lymphoma, HR hazard ratio, IPI International Prognostic Index, IPS International Prognostic Score, MALT mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, MCL mantle cell lymphoma, MIPI, Mantle Cell International Prognostic Index, MZL marginal zone lymphoma, TCL T-cell lymphoma
*Immunochemotherapy vs. all other therapy. ^Rituximab-based therapy, other chemotherapy vs. observation.
Bold would be considered statistically significant