FIG 3.

Enhanced production of glutarate in E. coli. The strain Bgl146 was cultured on 22.2 mM glucose with following optimizations: the optimal concentration of IPTG in shaken flasks (a); the optimal concentration of cerulenin with 0.8 mM IPTG in shaken flasks (b); the fermentation in static and shaking culture (c). (d) Fermentation results for engineered strain E. coli Bgl4146 in shaken flasks on 22.2 mM glucose. E. coli Bgl4146: BL21(DE3) ΔarcA ΔldhA ΔatoB ΔpflB harboring pAD1, pAD4, and pAD6. Error bars represent the SD from three independent assays.