Fig. 6. 18α-GAMG suppressed LPS-induced activation of the MAPK signaling pathway in the RAW264.7 cells. RAW264.7 cells were treated with 18α-GAMG (10–30 μM) and LPS (1 μg mL^–1) for 30 min. The levels of JNK, ERK1/2, and p38 MAPK proteins, and their phosphorylated forms were analyzed using western blotting. The results have been shown as means ± SD (n = 3) of at least three independent experiments. ^#p < 0.05, ^###p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 compared with the control group; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 compared with LPS-stimulated group.