Table 1. Selection of the most relevant HIF-1α post-translational modifications, their effectors and downstream consequences.

Amino acid residue	Effector	Consequence	Ref.
Hydroxylations
Pro402, Pro564	PHD1-3	Recruitment by VHL and degradation	44
Asn803	FIH-1	Inhibition of the transcriptional activity	45
Phosphorylations
Ser641, Ser643	MAP kinase	Increase the transcriptional activity	49
Ser668	CDK1	Stabilization of HIF-1α	52
Ser576, Ser657	Plk-3	Degradation	53
Ser551, Ser555, Ser589	GSK-3	Degradation	53
Acetylations
Lys532	ARD1	Recruitment by VHL and degradation	44
Lys674	Not determined	Required for transcriptional activity	113