TABLE. Years of potential life lost to life expectancy (YPLL) and before age 65 years* (YPLL65) for decedents aged ≥25 years with coal workers’ pneumoconiosis,† by sex, race, state of residence, year of death, and industry and occupation§ — United States, 1999–2016.
| Characteristic | All deaths |
Deaths at age <65 years |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. (%) | Age-adjusted¶ rate per million | YPLL | Mean YPLL per decedent | No. (%) | Age-adjusted¶ rate per million | YPLL65 | Mean YPLL65 per decedent | |
|
Total
|
4,344 (100.0)
|
1.18
|
38,358
|
8.8
|
369 (100.0)
|
0.11
|
2,707
|
7.3
|
|
Sex
| ||||||||
| Men |
4,292 (98.8) |
3.00 |
37,498 |
8.7 |
353 (95.7) |
0.20 |
2,512 |
7.1 |
| Women |
52 (1.2) |
0.02 |
860 |
16.5 |
16 (4.3) |
Unreliable** |
195 |
12.2 |
|
Race
| ||||||||
| White |
4,208 (96.9) |
1.28 |
37,211 |
8.8 |
357 (96.5) |
0.11 |
2,605 |
7.3 |
| Black |
124 (2.9) |
0.41 |
1,009 |
8.1 |
10 (2.9) |
Unreliable |
83 |
8.3 |
| Other†† |
12 (0.3) |
Unreliable |
138 |
11.5 |
2 (0.6) |
Unreliable |
19 |
9.5 |
|
State
| ||||||||
| Alabama |
47 (1.1) |
0.84 |
359 |
7.6 |
—§§ |
— |
— |
— |
| Arizona |
19 (0.4) |
Unreliable |
136 |
7.2 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Arkansas |
18 (0.4) |
Unreliable |
174 |
9.7 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| California |
34 (0.8) |
0.08 |
387 |
11.4 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Colorado |
32 (0.7) |
0.66 |
212 |
6.6 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Florida |
81 (1.9) |
0.28 |
571 |
7.0 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Georgia |
13 (0.3) |
Unreliable |
120 |
9.2 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Illinois |
82 (1.9) |
0.53 |
705 |
8.6 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Indiana |
61 (1.4) |
0.81 |
472 |
7.7 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Kentucky |
554 (12.8) |
10.55 |
6,422 |
11.6 |
95 (25.7) |
1.91 |
650 |
6.8 |
| Maryland |
15 (0.3) |
Unreliable |
114 |
9.8 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Michigan |
34 (0.8) |
0.27 |
229 |
6.7 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Missouri |
12 (0.3) |
Unreliable |
78 |
6.5 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| New Jersey |
14 (0.3) |
Unreliable |
104 |
7.4 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| New Mexico |
39 (0.9) |
1.72 |
269 |
6.9 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| New York |
13 (0.3) |
Unreliable |
83 |
6.4 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| North Carolina |
40 (0.9) |
0.36 |
388 |
9.7 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Ohio |
156 (3.6) |
1.02 |
1,166 |
7.5 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Oklahoma |
10 (0.2) |
Unreliable |
102 |
10.2 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Pennsylvania |
1,360 (31.3) |
6.96 |
9,109 |
6.7 |
24 (6.5) |
0.14 |
172 |
7.2 |
| South Carolina |
20 (0.5) |
0.35 |
268 |
13.4 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Tennessee |
99 (2.3) |
1.35 |
953 |
9.6 |
12 (3.3) |
Unreliable |
98 |
8.2 |
| Texas |
18 (0.4) |
Unreliable |
199 |
11.1 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Utah |
45 (1.0) |
2.10 |
352 |
7.8 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Virginia |
558 (12.8) |
6.37 |
6,103 |
10.8 |
84 (22.8) |
0.94 |
649 |
7.7 |
| West Virginia |
892 (20.5) |
33.37 |
8,543 |
9.6 |
86 (23.3) |
3.62 |
507 |
5.9 |
| Wyoming |
14 (0.3) |
Unreliable |
131 |
9.4 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| All other states¶¶ |
64 (1.5) |
— |
671 |
— |
68 (18.4) |
— |
— |
— |
|
Year
| ||||||||
| 1999 |
409 (9.4) |
2.31 |
3,300 |
8.1 |
20 (5.4) |
0.13 |
129 |
6.5 |
| 2000 |
389 (9.0) |
2.18 |
3,044 |
7.8 |
19 (5.1) |
Unreliable |
136 |
7.2 |
| 2001 |
367 (8.4) |
2.04 |
2,858 |
7.8 |
12 (3.3) |
Unreliable |
65 |
5.4 |
| 2002 |
354 (8.1) |
1.94 |
2,741 |
7.7 |
21 (5.7) |
0.14 |
90 |
4.3 |
| 2003 |
318 (7.3) |
1.70 |
2,513 |
7.9 |
18 (4.9) |
Unreliable |
99 |
5.5 |
| 2004 |
292 (6.7) |
1.52 |
2,375 |
8.1 |
20 (5.4) |
0.09 |
192 |
9.6 |
| 2005 |
270 (6.2) |
1.41 |
2,155 |
8.0 |
21 (5.7) |
0.14 |
187 |
8.9 |
| 2006 |
266 (6.1) |
1.34 |
2,259 |
8.5 |
18 (4.9) |
Unreliable |
160 |
8.9 |
| 2007 |
209 (4.8) |
1.06 |
1,813 |
8.7 |
16 (4.3) |
Unreliable |
142 |
8.9 |
| 2008 |
183 (4.2) |
0.90 |
1,756 |
9.6 |
21 (5.7) |
0.12 |
196 |
9.3 |
| 2009 |
206 (4.7) |
0.96 |
2,162 |
10.5 |
32 (8.7) |
0.15 |
271 |
8.5 |
| 2010 |
213 (4.9) |
1.01 |
2,024 |
9.5 |
23 (6.2) |
0.12 |
187 |
8.1 |
| 2011 |
160 (3.7) |
0.72 |
1,560 |
9.8 |
18 (4.9) |
Unreliable |
138 |
7.7 |
| 2012 |
158 (3.6) |
0.69 |
1,634 |
10.3 |
21 (5.7) |
0.09 |
139 |
6.6 |
| 2013 |
150 (3.5) |
0.66 |
1,485 |
9.9 |
18 (4.9) |
Unreliable |
119 |
6.6 |
| 2014 |
155 (3.6) |
0.64 |
1,769 |
11.4 |
27 (7.3) |
0.11 |
188 |
7.0 |
| 2015 |
133 (3.1) |
0.54 |
1,497 |
11.3 |
20 (5.4) |
0.09 |
114 |
5.7 |
| 2016 |
112 (2.6) |
0.44 |
1,413 |
12.6 |
24 (6.5) |
0.11 |
155 |
6.5 |
|
Industry
| ||||||||
| Coal mining |
560 (75.7) |
— |
5,415 |
9.7 |
63 (74.1) |
— |
417 |
6.6 |
| Construction |
31 (4.2) |
— |
306 |
9.9 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Nonpaid worker or nonworker including at home |
14 (1.9) |
— |
161 |
11.5 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| All other industries |
135 (18.2) |
— |
1,350 |
10.0 |
22 (25.9) |
— |
197 |
9.0 |
|
Occupation
| ||||||||
| Mining machine operators |
504 (68.1) |
— |
4,822 |
9.6 |
52 (61.2) |
— |
365 |
7.0 |
| Electricians |
16 (2.2) |
— |
152 |
9.5 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers |
14 (1.9) |
— |
147 |
10.5 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Construction laborers |
13 (1.8) |
— |
135 |
10.4 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| First-line supervisors or managers of construction trades and extraction workers |
13 (1.8) |
— |
134 |
10.3 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Homemakers |
13 (1.8) |
— |
143 |
11.0 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| Driver-sales workers and truck drivers |
11 (1.5) |
— |
170 |
15.5 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
| All other occupations | 156 (21.1) | — | 1,532 | 9.8 | 33 (38.8) | — | 249 | 7.5 |
Source: National Vital Statistics System; https://wonder.cdc.gov/ (for rates) and multiple cause-of-death data, National Center for Health Statistics, CDC (for YPLL and YPLL65).
Abbreviations: YPLL = years of potential life lost to life expectancy; YPLL65 = years of potential life lost before age 65 years.
* YPLL to life expectancy was a sum of the differences between the age at death and life expectancy for each decedent internally adjusted by race and sex (https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/life_tables.htm). YPLL65 was a sum of the differences between 65 years and the age at death for each decedent.
† Decedents whose death certificates listed the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) code J60 (coal workers’ pneumoconiosis) as the underlying cause of death.
§ Industry and occupation data available for 740 (94.6%) of 782 CWP deaths among U.S. residents aged ≥25 years and for 85 (89.5%) of 95 CWP deaths among U.S. residents aged 25–64 years that occurred in 26 states during 1999, 2003, 2004, and 2007–2012. https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/topics/noms/default.html.
¶ Adjusted to the 2000 U.S. standard population.
** Relative standard error ≥23%; rate considered statistically unreliable. https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/ucd.html#Unreliable.
†† Includes American Indian or Alaska Native and Asian or Pacific Islander.
§§ Suppressed because of confidentiality constraints (<10 decedents reported). https://wonder.cdc.gov/wonder/help/ucd.html#Assurance of Confidentiality.
¶¶ States with <10 decedents.