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TIMP-3 reduces the expression of TNF-α in NA SMCs. NA SMCs were stimulated with 3, 10, 30 and 100 ng/ml TIMP-3, and TNF-α levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ***P<0.001, ****P<0.0001, vs. untreated control. TIMP-3, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 3; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor α; NA, abdominal artery aneurysm neck; SMC, smooth muscle cell.
