Table 1.
Demographic and clinical information for study participants.
| Demographic/clinical characters | Patients (n = 41), Mean (SD) |
Controls (n = 39) Mean (SD) |
P-value |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (n = 41) | Follow-up (n = 41) | SZ vs. HC | Baseline vs. Follow-up | ||
| Male/Female | 17/24 | 19/20 | 0.73 | ||
| Age, Years | 23.90 (7.72) | 24.01 (8.18) | 0.89 | ||
| Education, Years | 12.45 (2.90) | 12.65 (3.09) | 0.94 | ||
| Time from onset, Months | 8.99 (12.65) | ||||
| Global assessment of function | 29.12 (9.69) | 53.19 (16.92) | <0.001a | ||
| PANSS Total | 101.10 (18.38) | 67.83 (17.49) | <0.001a | ||
| PANSS Positive | 26.48 (6.62) | 14.00 (4.19) | <0.001a | ||
| PANSS Negative | 18.29 (6.17) | 15.79 (6.19) | <0.001a | ||
| General psychopathology | 48.56 (8.80) | 34.00 (9.49) | <0.001a | ||
| Thought factor | 14.46 (4.21) | 7.90 (3.03) | <0.001a | ||
| Paranoid factor | 10.66 (2.80) | 5.80 (2.11) | <0.001a | ||
| Depression factor | 9.61 (3.83) | 7.54 (3.16) | <0.001a | ||
| Anergia factor | 8.95 (3.78) | 7.98 (3.45) | 0.01 | ||
| Activation factor | 10.10 (3.01) | 5.76 (1.64) | <0.001a | ||
| Dosage of antipsychotics,b mg/d | – | 409.54 (137.69) | |||
Statistical tests performed: group differences in age and education, student's t-test; sex ratio, chi-square test; changes of clinical scores over the course of treatment, paired t-tests.
Abbreviations: PANSS, positive and negative syndrome scale; SD, standard deviation; SZ, schizophrenia patients; HC, healthy controls.
a
Statistically significant after Bonferroni correction.
b
Daily dosage of antipsychotic medications in chlorpromazine equivalent during the last 4 weeks of treatment (Andreasen et al., 2010).