Table 1. Efficacy and safety of NOACs in Asians from the randomised trials.
| Study (No. of Asians) | NOACs | Ischemic stroke | Stroke/SE | Major bleeding | Intracranial hemorrhage | All-cause mortality | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk* | HR | Risk* | HR | Risk* | HR | Risk* | HR | Risk* | HR | ||
| RE-LY19) (n=2,782) | Dabigatran 150 mg | 1.12% vs. 2.02% | 0.55 (0.32–0.95) | 1.39% vs. 3.06% | 0.45 (0.28–0.72) | 2.17% vs. 3.82% | 0.57 (0.38–0.84) | 0.45% vs. 1.10% | 0.40 (0.18–0.92) | 4.01% vs. 5.09% | 0.78 (0.57–1.07) |
| Dabigatran 110 mg | 2.05% vs. 2.02% | 1.01 (0.63–1.61) | 2.50% vs. 3.06% | 0.81 (0.54–1.21) | 2.22% vs. 3.82% | 0.57 (0.39–0.85) | 0.23% vs. 1.10% | 0.20 (0.07–0.60) | 5.01% vs. 5.09% | 0.98 (0.73–1.32) | |
| ROCKET-AF20) (n=932) | Rivaroxaban | 2.12% vs. 2.24% | Not given | 2.63% vs. 3.38% | 0.78 (0.44–1.39) | 3.44% vs. 5.14% | Not given | 0.59% vs. 2.46% | 0.24 (0.08–0.71) | 2.58% vs. 3.57% | 0.73 (0.41–1.27) |
| J-ROCKET AF64) (n=1,278) | Rivaroxaban | Not given | 0.40 (0.17–0.96) | 1.26% vs. 2.61% | 0.49 (0.24–1.00) | 3.00% vs. 3.59% | 0.85 (0.50–1.43) | 0.8% vs. 1.6% | Not given | Not given | Not given |
| ENGAGE AF-TIMI 4821) (n=1,943) | Edoxaban 60 mg | 0.80% vs. 1.31% | 0.64 (0.31–1.32) | 1.34% vs. 2.62% | 0.53 (0.31–0.90) | 2.86% vs. 4.80% | 0.61 (0.41–0.89) | 0.60% vs. 1.92% | 0.31 (0.15–0.66) | 1.73% vs. 2.77% | 0.63 (0.40–0.98) |
| Edoxaban 30 mg | 2.26% vs. 1.31% | 1.77 (1.01–3.10) | 2.52% vs. 2.62% | 0.93 (0.63–1.54) | 1.59% vs. 4.80% | 0.34 (0.21–0.54) | 0.46% vs. 1.92% | 0.24 (0.11–0.56) | 1.84% vs. 2.77% | 0.66 (0.42–1.02) | |
| ARISTOTLE22) (n=1,993) | Apixaban 5 mg | 2.22% vs. 1.90% | 1.17 (0.74–1.85) | 2.52% vs. 3.39% | 0.74 (0.50–1.10) | 2.02% vs. 3.84% | 0.53 (0.35–0.80) | 0.67% vs. 1.88% | 0.36 (0.18–0.71) | 2.86% vs. 2.81% | 1.02 (0.70–1.50) |
Numbers in bold stands for significance.
ARISTOTLE = Apixaban versus Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation; ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 = Effective Anticoagulation with factor Xa Next Generation in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction 48; NOAC = non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant; RCT = randomized controlled trial; HR = hazard ratio; J-ROCKET AF = Rivaroxaban vs. Warfarin in Japanese Patients with Atrial Fibrillation; RE-LY = Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy; ROCKET-AF = Rivaroxaban versus Warfarin in Nonvalvular Atrial Fibrillation; SE = systemic embolism.
*Annual incidence, NOACs vs. warfarin.