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. 2018 Jul 20;10(7):936. doi: 10.3390/nu10070936

Table 1.

Overview of the characteristics of the four studies used in the pooled analyses (used interventions highlighted in grey).

Study 1 Study 2 Study 3 Study 4
Study characteristics
Design Double-blind, placebo-controlled
Cross-over Cross-over Cross-over Parallel
Year 2002 2006 2010 2011
Supplement, dosage and duration Ca5(PO4)3OH,
0.5 g P/day
1.0 g Ca/day,
4 weeks		 Ca5(PO4)3OH,
0.5 g P/day
1.0 g Ca/day,
4 weeks		 Ca5(PO4)3OH,
0.5 g P/day
1.0 g Ca/day,
3 weeks		 Ca5(PO4)3OH,
0.5 g P/day
1.0 g Ca/day,
8 weeks
CaCO3,
1.0 g Ca/day,
4 weeks		 Vitamin D3,
10 µg/day,
8 weeks
Ca3(PO4)2,
0.52 g P/day
1.0 g Ca/day,
4 weeks		 Ca5(PO4)3OH + Vitamin D3
0.5 g P/day
1.0 g Ca/day,
10 µg/day vitamin D3,
8 weeks *
Placebo,
4 weeks		 Placebo,
4 weeks		 Placebo,
3 weeks		 Placebo,
2 weeks
Analyses
Minerals in serum/plasma ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓
Minerals in urine/faeces ✓ ✓ ✓
Blood lipids ✓ ✓ ✓
Faecal sterols ✓ ✓ ✓**

Ca5(PO4)3OH: pentacalcium hydroxy-trisphosphate; Ca3(PO4)2: beta-tricalcium phosphate; CaCO3: calcium carbonate; Ca: calcium, P: phosphorus, grey fields indicate the interventions used for pooled analysis, * to mix similar intervention times, the results from four-week collection were considered for the pooled analyses, ** only neutral sterols.