Table 1.
Characteristics of participants (mean (standard deviation (SD)) or frequency (%)).
| Characteristics | Low MeDiet (n = 2115) |
High MeDiet (n = 362) |
Low MF (n = 828) |
High MF (n = 1649) |
Low CRF (n = 982) |
High CRF (n = 1495) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 14.2 (1.5) | 14.1 (1.6) | 14.2 (1.5) | 14.2 (1.5) | 14.6 (1.5) | 14.1 (1.5) |
| BMI (kg m2) | 20.3 (3.0) | 21.0 (3.7) | 21.7 (3.7) b | 19.9 (3.1) | 21.2 (3.5) c | 20.0 (2.7) |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 66.8 (7.6) a | 70.8 (10.1) | 69.8 (9.6) b | 66.2 (7.1) | 68.7 (9.2) c | 66.5 (7.5) |
| Pubertal status A: ≤III/IV/V (%) | 48.0/44.7/8.3 | 44.7/48.8/10.5 | 51.0/41.2/7.8 | 46.7/44.1/9.2 | 48.1/42.1/9.8 | 48.2/43.8/8.1 |
| Pubertal status B: ≤III/IV/V (%) | 48.6/43.4/8.0 | 40.6/43.1/16.3 | 51.3/41.7.7 | 46.4/43.0/10.5 | 49.2/42.0/8.8 | 47.4/43.0/9.7 |
| HDL-Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 47.1 (12.1) a | 52.0 (12.2) | 45.6 (11.2) b | 49.0 (12.6) | 46.4 (11.9) c | 48,8 (12.5) |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 87.9 (42.1) a | 76.6 (37.7) | 93.7 (47.6) b | 82.5 (37.9) | 88.7 (42.8) c | 84.6 (40.9) |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 83.0 (15.1) a | 86.4 (12.3) | 82.7 (15.0) | 83.4 (14.9) | 83.0 (15.6) | 83.3 (14.5) |
| Systolic Blood Pressure (mm Hg) | 113.1 (13.1) | 116.5 (13.8) | 114.1 (13.4) | 113.3 (13.1) | 113.5 (13.4) | 113.7 (13.7) |
| CRF—VO2max (mL/kg/min) | 39.3 (5.7) a | 42.1 (6.4) | 37.3 (5.1) b | 40.9 (5.9) | - | - |
| Muscular Fitness Score | −0.8 (1.5) a | 0.4 (1.7) | - | - | −0.6 (1.4) c | 0.4 (1.5) |
Data are means (±standard deviation) or frequencies (%) a Significantly different from High MedDiet (p < 0.05), b Significantly different from High MF (p < 0.05), c Significantly different from High CRF (p < 0.05)—Chi-square for categorical variables and independent Two-tailed t-Tests for continuous variable. BMI: Body mass index; MeDiet: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet; MF: muscular fitness; CRF: Cardiorespiratory fitness; Pubertal stage-A—breast development in girls; genital development in boys. Pubertal stage-B—pubic hair development.