Table 3.
GHK’s Effect on Gene Expression relevant to the Ubiquitin/Proteasome System [4].
| Gene Title-Gene-Expression Increased | Percent Change | |
| 1 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 29, USP29 | +1056 |
| 2 | ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 2, UBR2 | +455 |
| 3 | gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) B receptor, GABBR1 | +310 |
| 4 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 34, USP34 | +195 |
| 5 | parkinson protein 2, E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (parkin), PARK2 | +169 |
| 6 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2I (UBC9 homolog, yeast), UBE2I | +150 |
| 7 | ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 4, UBR4 | +146 |
| 8 | ubiquitin protein ligase E3B, UBE3B | +116 |
| 9 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 2, USP2 | +104 |
| 10 | ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 6, UBA6 | +104 |
| 11 | ubiquitination factor E4B (UFD2 homolog, yeast), UBE4B | +99 |
| 12 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2M (UBC12 homolog, yeast), UBE2M | +92 |
| 13 | Ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 7, UBA7 | +88 |
| 14 | HECT, C2 and WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1, HECW1 | +81 |
| 15 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, ATPase, 3, PSMC3 | +81 |
| 16 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 1 (UBC4/5 homolog, yeast), UBE2D1 | +79 |
| 17 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type, 2, PSMB2 | +79 |
| 18 | ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 5, UBR5 | +77 |
| 19 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 21, USP21 | +76 |
| 20 | OTU domain, ubiquitin aldehyde binding 2, OTUB2 | +76 |
| 21 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) inhibitor subunit 1 (PI31), PSMF1 | +75 |
| 22 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2H (UBC8 homolog, yeast), UBE2H | +73 |
| 23 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2N (UBC13 homolog, yeast), UBE2N | +72 |
| 24 | ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L5, UCHL5 | +71 |
| 25 | ubiquitin specific peptidase 6 (Tre-2 oncogene) pseudogene, LOC220594 | +71 |
| 26 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 13, PSMD13 | +70 |
| 27 | ubiquitin associated protein 1, UBAP1 | +70 |
| 28 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2B (RAD6 homolog), UBE2B | +69 |
| 29 | TMEM189-UBE2V1 readthrough, TMEM189-UBE2V1 | +67 |
| 30 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 1, PSMD1 | +64 |
| 31 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 3, PSMD3 | +64 |
| 32 | ariadne homolog, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 binding protein, 1 (Drosophila), ARIH1 | +61 |
| 33 | BRCA1 associated protein-1 (ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase), BAP1 | +60 |
| 34 | ubiquitin interaction motif containing 1, UIMC1 | +60 |
| 35 | ubiquitin associated protein 2-like, UBAP2L | +57 |
| 36 | ubiquitin protein ligase E3 component n-recognin 7 (putative), UBR7 | +56 |
| 37 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2G 1 (UBC7 homolog, yeast), UBE2G1 | +54 |
| 38 | itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase homolog (mouse), ITCH | +54 |
| 39 | ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D 4 (putative), UBE2D4 | +51 |
| 40 | proteasome (prosome, macropain) 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 10, PSMD10 | +50 |
| 41 | WW domain containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase 1, WWP1 | +50 |
| 42 | ubiquitin-like 3, UBL3 | +50 |
| Gene Title-Gene Expression Suppressed | Percent Change | |
| 1 | ubiquitin associated and SH3 domain containing A, UBASH3A | −89 |