| PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein |
| MHC | Major histocompatibility complex |
| APC | Antigen-presenting cell |
| TME | Tumor microenvironments |
| CTLA4 | Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| LRA | Latency-reversing agent |
| PD-L1/L2 | Programmed death receptor ligand 1/ligand 2 |
| TB | Human tuberculosis |
| NK cells | Natural killer cells |
| PBMCs | Peripheral blood mononuclear cells |
| LAG3 | Lymphocyte activation gene 3 protein |
| HBV | Hepatitis B virus |
| HCV | Hepatitis C virus |
| CHB | Chronic hepatitis B infection |
| TIM3 | T cell immunoglobulin and mucin 3 |
| Ig | Immunoglobulin |
| VP | Viremic progressors |
| EC | Elite controller |
| HC | Healthy controls |
| Ag | Antigen |
| AIDS | Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| Tfh | T follicular helper cells |
| SIV | Simian immunodeficiency virus |
| DC | Dendritic cell |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| Tat | Transcriptional activator |
| ART | Antiretroviral therapy |
| HAART | Highly active antiretroviral therapy |
| MIP-1α | Macrophage inflammatory protein-1-alpha |
| MIP-1β | Macrophage inflammatory protein-1-beta |
| CD40L | CD40 ligand |
| IFNγ | Interferon-gamma |
| GraB cell | Granzyme B-expressing B cell |
| TCR | T cell receptor |
| Fas | First apoptosis signal receptor |
| TI | Therapy interruption |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| NSCLC | Non-small cell lung cancer |