Figure 5.

The effect of inhibiting ERK phosphorylation on TER and E. coli adherence. TER was upregulated ((B), n = 3) through inhibition of ERK phosphorylation ((A), n = 3). IPEC-J2 cells were treated with the ERK-specific inhibitor PD184352, cecropin A and cecropin A + PD184352 for 24 and 48 h, and the CFUs of adherent E. coli were decreased after the PD184352 treatment for 48 h (n = 3). Data (mean ± SEM) were analyzed with the Student’s t-test (A) and one-way ANOVA (B,C). The results were confirmed by three independent experiments per treatment. Representative results of the three independent experiments are shown. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001.