Table 6.
Percent of children below the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) by age and ethnicity, NHANES 2011–2014.
| 12–23 Months (Mean ± SE) |
2–3 Years (Mean ± SE) |
4–5 Years (Mean ± SE) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium (mg), EAR | 500 | 500 | 800 |
| All (%) | 2.3 ± 0.75 x | 3.2 ± 0.66 x | 33 ± 3.1 y |
| Hispanic | 1.5 ± 0.87 ac | <1 a | 22 ± 5.0 a |
| Non-Hispanic white | 1.3 ± 0.88 ac | 2.5 ± 0.85 a | 32 ± 4.6 ac |
| Non-Hispanic black | 6.7 ± 2.62 a | 12.0 ± 3.5 b | 49 ± 5.9 b |
| Asian | 1.0 ± 1.18 bc | 2.04 ± 1.34 a | 40 ± 6.9 bc |
| Iron (mg), EAR | 3.0 | 3.0 | 4.1 |
| All (%) | 1.9 ± 0.55 xy | <1 x | 2.3 ± 0.36 y |
| Hispanic | 3.5 ± 1.00 a | <1 a | 2.3 ± 0.52 |
| Non-Hispanic white | 1.6 ± 0.62 ab | 1.2 ± 0.36 a | 2.6 ± 0.57 |
| Non-Hispanic black | <1 ab | <1 ab | 1.5 ± 0.67 |
| Asian | <1 b | <1 b | 1.04 ± 0.96 |
| Magnesium (mg), EAR | 65 | 65 | 110 |
| All (%) | <1 x | <1 x | 1.18 ± 0.44 y |
| Hispanic | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Non-Hispanic white | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Non-Hispanic black | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Asian | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Phosphorus (mg), EAR | 380 | 380 | 405 |
| All (%) | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Hispanic | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Non-Hispanic white | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Non-Hispanic black | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Asian | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Vitamin A, RAE (mcg), EAR | 210 | 210 | 275 |
| All (%) | <1 x | <1 x | 3.4 ± 1.09 y |
| Hispanic | <1 | <1 | 1.3 ± 0.87 |
| Non-Hispanic white | <1 | <1 | 3.0 ± 1.43 |
| Non-Hispanic black | 2.2 ± 1.4 | 2.2 ± 1.7 | 8.1 ± 4.52 |
| Asian | <1 | <1 | 7.5 ± 3.76 |
| Vitamin C (mg), EAR | 13 | 13 | 22 |
| All (%) | <1 x | <1 x | 2.2 ± 0.70 y |
| Hispanic | <1 | <1 | 0.71 ± 0.38 |
| Non-Hispanic white | <1 | <1 | 3.2 ± 1.7 |
| Non-Hispanic black | <1 | <1 | 0.54 ± 0.43 |
| Asian | 2.6 ± 1.5 | <1 | 6.5 ± 3.8 |
| Vitamin D (D2 + D3) (mcg), EAR | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| All (%) | 78 ± 3.4 x | 90 ± 1.7 y | 94 ± 1.6 y |
| Hispanic | 74 ± 3.4 a | 84 ± 2.8 a | 90 ± 1.8 a |
| Non-Hispanic white | 76 ± 5.3 a | 91 ± 2.4 a | 94 ± 2.9 ac |
| Non-Hispanic black | 92 ± 4.3 b | 97 ± 1.7 b | 98 ± 1.0 bc |
| Asian | 76 ± 7.9 ab | 91 ± 5.1 ab | 97 ± 2.3 bc |
| Vitamin E (α-tocopherol, mg), EAR | 5 | 5 | 6 |
| All (%) | 66 ± 4.5 x | 48 ± 3.1 y | 59 ± 3.6 x |
| Hispanic | 79 ± 4.2 a | 53 ± 6.1 | 72 ± 4.2 a |
| Non-Hispanic white | 61 ± 8.15 bc | 51 ± 5.1 | 59 ± 5.9 ac |
| Non-Hispanic black | 55 ± 7.5 b | 46 ± 5.2 | 43 ± 4.7 b |
| Asian | 81 ± 9.7 ac | 40 ± 8.2 | 52 ± 8.3 bc |
| Zinc (mg), EAR | 2.5 | 2.5 | 4.0 |
| All (%) | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Hispanic | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Non-Hispanic white | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Non-Hispanic black | <1 | <1 | <1 |
| Asian | <1 | <1 | <1 |
Weighted populations are 700,568, 8,374,256, and 7,928,277 for 12–13 month, 2–3 and 4–5 year groups, respectively. Nutrient intakes were determined from food intake only. Means with different superscripts are significantly different by age (x,y) and by race/ethnicity within age groups (a,b,c), p < 0.05. EAR, Estimated Average Requirement; SE, Standard Error; mg, milligrams; mcg, micrograms.