Phylogenetic relationships and characteristics of selected calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) (modified from [25]). The full-length amino acid sequences of CDPKs from A. thaliana, P. falciparum, and T. gondii were analyzed by MEGA7.0 and UniProt (https://www.uniprot.org/). Arabidopsis thaliana CDPKs (AtCDPKs) are divided into four major subgroups (I–IV). R, root; L, leaf; F, flower; S, silique; GC, guard cell; P, pollen tube cell; MC, mesophyll cell; N, nucleus; C, cytoplasm; PM, plasma membrane; MB, membrane; ER, endoplasmic reticulum; --, not determined. G, the N-myristoylation site. C, the palmitoylation site. U, UniProt Knowledgebase. a Systematic designation given to a gene according to TAIR (www.arabidopsis.org) and UniProt (www.uniprot.org). b, References related to subcellular localization of CPKs: [30,36,37,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64]. c, the position of phosphoserine site.