Table 3.
Univariate analysis of factors associated with fractures during the follow-up period (n = 1, 883). Risk factors are expressed as percentages in the fracture and no-fracture groups unless otherwise specified.
| Fracture—% (95% CI) | No Fracture—% (95% CI) | Odds Ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Osteoporosis (baseline) | 10.0 (5.0–15.0) | 3.0 (2.2–3.8) | 3.6 (1.9–6.7) |
| At-risk serology | 2.9 (0.1–5.7) | 5.3 (4.3–6.4) | 0.52 (0.19–1.44) |
| Anti-tTG (IU/mL); mean (SD) | 8.0 (5.1–10.8) | 11.6 (10.1–13.2) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) |
| Positive anti-tTG | 5.0 (1.3–8.7) | 7.5 (6.3–8.8) | 0.64 (0.30–1.41) |
| Positive HLA | 6.4 (5.6–7.2) | 5.9 (5.7–6.2) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) |
| Positive tTG with non-permissive HLA | 2.3 (−0.3–4.6) | 2.2 (1.5–2.9) | 0.98 (0.30–3.22) |
| Age (years); mean (SD) | 80.4 (79.0–81.7) | 76.0 (75.6–76.3) | 1.08 (1.06–1.11) |
| BMI (kg/m2); mean (SD) | 28.9 (27.9–29.9) | 28.9 (28.6–29.1) | 1.00 (0.97–1.04) |
| Gender (male) | 33.6 (25.7–41.5) | 51.7 (49.3–54.0) | 0.47 (0.33–0.68) |
| Current smoker | 5.0 (1.3–8.7) | 6.0 (4.9–7.1) | 0.83 (0.38–1.82) |
| Hazardous alcohol intake | 7.1 (2.8–11.5) | 9.8 (8.4–11.2) | 0.71 (0.36–1.37) |
| Physical activity (step count per day); mean | 6282 (5554–7101) | 6615 (6433–6797) | 1.00 (1.00–1.00) |
| Timed up and go test (seconds) | 10.7 (10.0–11.4) | 9.9 (8.8–11.1) | 1.00 (1.00–1.01) |