Table 2.

Integrated approaches between pre-clinical models and humans that provide biological plausibility in assessment of non-fatal developmental disorders.

Brain Assessment	Human	Preclinical Model
Behavior	Yes	Yes (Fit to human)
Neuroanatomy	Neuroimaging Autopsy (rare)	Neuroimaging Microscopy
Electrophysiology	EEG, ERP	invasive in vivo and ex vivo recording
Metabolism	Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)	MRS Direct biochemical assay, including metabolomics of tissue/CSF
Regulation	Autopsy (rare) CSF analysis (unusual)	Tissue/CSF gene expression and proteomics