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. 2018 Jul 27;5:171. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00171

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Constructed images using CT and MRI of the skull, brain and craniocervical junction of a Chihuahua with CM and SM. MRI and CT of a 5 year old female Chihuahua with CM and SM are used to construct images to illustrate the complexity of the skull, craniocervical junction and neuroparenchymal malformation. Top row: 3d models (Courtesy of Dr. Cameron Black, Clinical Research Officer, Fitzpatrick Referrals Ltd.) (A) cerebellum is invaginated under the occipital lobes with little space available for this organ. Much of the atlas is rostral to the level of the occipital crest. (B) caudal view of the skull with the supra-occipital bone missing either because it did not form in the first instance or was resorbed due to pressure necrosis. Bottom row: (C) composite of midsagittal brain and cervical MRI and CT with the short skull base and complex craniocervical junction abnormality with overall reduction of volume, loss of the cisterna magnum and medullary elevation over a dorsally angled den.