Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study subjects according to nephropathy stage.
| Characteristics | Total Sample n=640 | Without nephropathy n=213 | With nephropathy n=427 | P value | Microal-buminuria n=184 | Macroal-buminuria n=83 | ESRD n=160 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| Age (years) | 56.64 (6.62) | 55.62 (6.00) | 57.52 (7.00) | <.0001 | 56.46 (6.05) | 55.93 (7.77) | 59.14 (7.27) | <.001 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 18.21 (5.93) | 17.25 (5.26) | 19.04 (6.33) | <.0001 | 18.86 (5.77) | 19.52 (6.62) | 19.03 (6.77) | .751 |
| Monthly income (SR) | 10097 (7594) | 12017 (8171) | 8368 (6582) | <.0001 | 9877 (6947) | 10746 (7067) | 5538 (4678) | <.001 |
| Height (cm) | 160.50 (9.31) | 159.90 (8.80) | 161.02 (9.71) | .082 | 161.73 (9.72) | 161.42 (9.55) | 160.14 (9.75) | .264 |
| Weight (kg) | 82.15 (16.48) | 83.21(15.34) | 81.22 (17.38) | .076 | 84.91 (16.62) | 83.47 (17.55) | 76.66 (17.11) | <.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 32.05 (6.20) | 32.65 (5.95) | 31.52 (6.38) | .008 | 32.57 (5.88) | 31.95 (6.27) | 30.27 (6.72) | .002 |
| Hip (cm) | 109.73 (13.00) | 110.06 (12.00) | 109.43 (13.84) | .480 | 110.63 (11.72) | 108.36 (14.01) | 108.58 (15.71) | .277 |
| Waist (cm) | 106.37 (12.94) | 105.70 (12.05) | 106.97 (13.68) | .151 | 107.95 (11.70) | 106.94 (13.10) | 105.94 (15.70) | .366 |
| W/H ratio | 0.97 (0.08) | 0.96 (0.08) | 0.98 (0.08) | .002 | 0.98 (0.07) | 0.98 (0.08) | 0.98 (0.09) | .941 |
| SBP (mm Hg) | 137.88 (20.05) | 131.56 (17.55) | 143.84 (20.46) | <.001 | 140.69 (19.35) | 147.09 (19.21) | 146.26 (21.79) | .014 |
| DBP (mm Hg) | 72.55 (11.44) | 72.29 (9.95) | 72.79 (12.68) | .532 | 74.61 (11.20) | 76.03 (13.10) | 69.26 (13.37) | <.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 58.13 (41.69) | 79.43 (18.44) | 47.98 (45.65) | <.001 | 79.01 (46.17) | 50.14 (21.91) | 7.79 (4.32) | <.001 |
Data are mean (standard deviation). BMI: body mass index; DBP: diastolic blood pressure; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; SBP: systolic blood pressure; W/H: waist to hip; SR: Saudi Riyals.