Table 4.

Effect of SPM at different levels on liver SOD (U/mg protein), GSH-Px (U/mg protein), CAT (K/mg protein), MDA levels (nmol/g tissue) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (pg/mL)

	SOD	GSH-Px	CAT	MDA	TNF-a	IL-6
Groups
HC	30.50±2.25a	10.50±1.50a	0.34±0.05a	22.50±1.50c	5.10±0.50c	4.50±0.40c
SH10	29.45±1.45a	11.20±1.40a	0.33±0.06a	21.50±1.70c	5.30±0.60c	4.80±0.50c
SH20	28.25±1.25a	10.50±1.50a	0.34±0.02a	23.50±1.90c	5.20±0.15c	5.10±0.50c
SH30	28.80±1.30a	10.80±1.10a	0.35±0.05a	24.10±2.40c	5.10±0.4c	5.50±1.00c
DC	21.80±2.75c	7.50±1.50b	0.19±0.01c	29.50±2.40a	10.50±0.50a	10.50±1.00a
SD10	22.75±2.35c	8.10±0.90b	0.18±0.04c	28.70±1.50a	12.30±0.70a	9.60±1.30a
SD20	26.45±1.90b	9.50±2.10a	0.26±0.04b	25.50±1.10b	8.50±0.50b	7.50±1.10b
SD30	26.40±1.50b	10.50±0.90a	0.27±0.02b	25.10±0.90b	8.10±0.70b	7.50±0.80b
P-value	***	***	***	***	***	***

Notes: Subscripts (a–c) show significant differences among groups per column and

^***shows significant differences at P<0.001.

Abbreviations: SOD, superoxide dismutase; GSH-Px, glutathione peroxidase; CAT, catalase; MDA, malondialdehyde; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-alpha.