Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics
| Characteristic | Derivation Cohort (n = 654) |
Validation Cohort (n = 650) |
P Valuea |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 22 (19–26) | 22 (19–27) | .24 |
| Education, y, median (IQR) | 8 (8–10) | 8 (7–11) | .92 |
| Married | 507 (79) | 516 (78) | .41 |
| Polygamous relationshipb | 70 (11) | 88 (14) | .12 |
| Relationship durationc, y, median (IQR) | 4 (1–7) | 4 (1–9) | .63 |
| Partner characteristics | |||
| Partner age differencec (years older), median (IQR) | 5 (3–8) | 5 (4–9) | .51 |
| Partner uncircumcisedc,d | 405 (69) | 403 (69) | .76 |
| Partner HIV statusc,d | |||
| Negative | 429 (72) | 413 (69) | .51 |
| Positive | 10 (1) | 8 (1) | .73 |
| Unknowne | 161 (27) | 180 (30) | .58 |
| Sexual behavior and practices | |||
| Age at sexual debut, y | 16 (15–18) | 16 (15–18) | .30 |
| Lifetime No. of sexual partners, median (IQR) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (2–3) | .12 |
| History of trading sex | 62 (9) | 72 (11) | .35 |
| Any condomless sex in the past month | 350 (55) | 359 (56) | .61 |
| Any vaginal washing in the past week | 389 (59) | 392 (60) | .76 |
| Any vaginal drying in the past week | 126 (19) | 107 (16) | .19 |
| STIs and genital tract infections | |||
| History of STIsd | 42 (6) | 45 (7) | .80 |
| Chlamydia trachomatis | 44 (7) | 28 (4) | .05 |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | 14 (2) | 19 (3) | .37 |
| Trichomonas vaginalis | 39 (6) | 43 (7) | .62 |
| Syphilis | 7 (1) | 6 (1) | .79 |
| Bacterial vaginosis | 158 (24) | 143 (22) | .36 |
| Candidiasis | 160 (24) | 167 (26) | .60 |
Data are presented as No. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IQR, interquartile range; STI, sexually transmitted infection; y, years.
aχ2 test for proportions or Kruskal-Wallis for continuous measures.
bAmong married women.
cAmong women with a current male partner.
dSelf-reported by women.
eIncludes male partners who have not been tested for HIV.